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psx:substance/mephedrone/pub/e4b45656-8984-4967-a869-d24533e60737

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feeds · downstream

  • generated_byRevision 1psx:substance/mephedrone/version/1

Closure of psx:substance/mephedrone/pub/e4b45656-8984-4967-a869-d24533e60737: 63 upstream, 136 downstream.

psx:substance/mephedrone/pub/e4b45656-8984-4967-a869-d24533e60737
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1038/npp.2011.304  The designer methcathinone analogs, mephedrone and methylone, are substrates for monoamine transporters in brain tissue
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02145.x  Pharmacological characterization of designer cathinones in vitro
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1093/jat/bkw120  GC-MS Quantification Method for Mephedrone in Plasma and Urine: Application to Human Pharmacokinetics
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1038/npp.2016.75  Human Pharmacology of Mephedrone in Comparison with MDMA
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1007/s00213-010-2070-x  Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone; 'meow meow'): chemical, pharmacological and clinical issues
  ├─ used  src/url:ef3c1c9e5932c845  Mephedrone Legal Status by Jurisdiction (Erowid)
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01588  Mephedrone and Alcohol Interactions in Humans
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109704  Mephedrone induces partial release at human dopamine transporters but full release at human serotonin transporters
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1002/cpt.1417  Dose-Response Pharmacological Study of Mephedrone and Its Metabolites: Pharmacokinetics, Serotoninergic Effects, and Impact of CYP2D6 Genetic Variation
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x  Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010  Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1136/bcr.04.2010.2925  The serotonin syndrome as a result of mephedrone toxicity
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03502.x  Mephedrone: use, subjective effects and health risks
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1124/jpet.111.184119  4-Methylmethcathinone (mephedrone): neuropharmacological effects of a designer stimulant of abuse
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.04.017  A 3-year review of new psychoactive substances in casework
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112553  Chemsex-related deaths in the United Kingdom (2017-2022): A review of the Forensic Toxicology data
  ├─ used  src/url:f0071bcdab06c69f  SMILES and physical properties of mephedrone (CID 45266826)
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00212  Stereoselective Differences between the Reinforcing and Motivational Effects of Cathinone-Derived 4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone) in Self-Administering Rats
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1007/164_2018_178  Neuropharmacology of Synthetic Cathinones
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2018.09.008  Polytox synthetic cathinone abuse: role for organic cation transporter 3
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1093/jat/bkaa134  Pharmacokinetics of Mephedrone and Its Metabolites in Whole Blood and Plasma after Controlled Intranasal Administration to Healthy Human Volunteers
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.3390/ph14020100  Acute Pharmacological Effects of Oral and Intranasal Mephedrone: An Observational Study in Humans
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1002/dta.1369  In vitro metabolism studies on mephedrone and analysis of forensic cases
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1208/s12248-017-0132-2  Pharmacokinetics of Mephedrone and Its Metabolites in Human by LC-MS/MS
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01998.x  Comparative neuropharmacology of three psychostimulant cathinone derivatives: butylone, mephedrone and methylone
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1111/adb.12038  Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) supports intravenous self-administration in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3223-5  Abuse-related and abuse-limiting effects of methcathinone and the synthetic bath salts cathinone analogs MDPV, methylone and mephedrone on intracranial self-stimulation in rats
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2012.10.006  Long-term cognitive and neurochemical effects of bath salt designer drugs methylone and mephedrone
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyu106  Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging reveals differential long-term neuroadaptation after methamphetamine and mephedrone
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1007/7854_2016_21  Neurotoxicology of Synthetic Cathinone Analogs
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02236.x  Differential effects of cathinone compounds and MDMA on body temperature in the rat, and pharmacological characterization of mephedrone-induced hypothermia
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044652  Effect of ambient temperature on the thermoregulatory and locomotor stimulant effects of 4-methylmethcathinone in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.07.003  Changes in ambient temperature differentially alter the thermoregulatory, cardiac and locomotor stimulant effects of 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone)
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1007/s13181-010-0018-5  Recreational use of mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone, 4-MMC) with associated sympathomimetic toxicity
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.04.017  Bath salts intoxication: a case series
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1124/jpet.122.001478  Neurochemical and Cardiovascular Effects of 4-Chloro Ring-Substituted Synthetic Cathinones in Rats
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172871  Synthetic psychoactive cathinones: hypothermia and reduced lethality compared to methamphetamine and MDMA
  ├─ used  src/pmid:20406541  Multiple-drug toxicity caused by the coadministration of 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone) and heroin
  ├─ used  src/pmid:26502870  Mephedrone related fatalities: a review
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1007/s00204-020-02693-7  Designer drugs: mechanism of action and adverse effects
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.07.004  Self-reported prevalence of dependence of MDMA compared to cocaine, mephedrone and ketamine among a sample of recreational poly-drug users
  ├─ derived_from  gen/25618495-032d-4439-b758-e10a0e03004e  Generation — pipeline-v5
    ├─ used  search/31e1d328-5df0-4c7f-b83a-6b4c32c5c1eb  Searched PubChem for "mephedrone"
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    ├─ used  search/9d68f007-6d07-43f6-aeab-5bbb8fc58a71  Searched PubMed for "mephedrone toxicity overdose case report adverse effects"
    ├─ used  search/76472f91-2c89-4dc6-8707-c7205b693daf  Searched OpenAlex for "mephedrone 4-methylmethcathinone pharmacology"
    ├─ used  search/6aecd58b-eefb-492c-904c-9b17ca20a4df  Searched ClinicalTrials.gov for "mephedrone"
    ├─ used  search/034aeba2-d42a-448c-b7c9-8a1fc69ab963  Searched PubMed for "mephedrone dependence addiction abuse potential self-administration"
    ├─ used  search/0e4de6af-f035-4d70-8a39-443f682ae73c  Searched PubMed for "PMID 21072502, 21810934, 20358417 fetch"
    ├─ used  search/207d6566-4556-4aa3-ac94-c5c04bc5ef66  Searched PubMed for "mephedrone human pharmacokinetics metabolism bioavailability"
    ├─ used  search/42dd9a61-be19-497d-9d74-9e152000c6ce  Searched PubMed for "mephedrone deaths fatalities post-mortem forensic"
    ├─ used  search/27abad26-8019-47ec-84f9-15b86c479950  Searched PubMed for "mephedrone subjective effects human study clinical trial"
    ├─ used  search/6d150e68-b9e2-4bc4-84a8-133a2e2de67b  Searched ClinicalTrials.gov for "mephedrone"
    ├─ used  search/a48b4ea4-e99b-4e66-868d-f9a5739dab6e  Searched OpenAlex for "DOI 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02145.x (Simmler 2012)"
    ├─ used  search/73fe8c64-88bb-4b69-9394-de5f22e25c13  Searched Erowid/WebSearch for "mephedrone legal status scheduling US UK Germany Australia"
    ├─ used  search/80912dc4-5009-4bb3-a20e-795d8c850220  Searched WebSearch for "mephedrone first synthesis 1929 Saem de Burnaga Sanchez history"
    ├─ used  search/8a0d9bb4-85ff-46fa-b689-aeaf4583e90c  Searched PubMed for "mephedrone cardiovascular cardiac effects blood pressure"
    ├─ used  search/bb1a319d-79ed-41c7-b504-4ffa27fe7536  Searched PubMed for "mephedrone pharmacokinetics metabolites nor-mephedrone dihydromephedrone urine"
    ├─ used  search/973f9930-3ee1-4252-9fa6-a0d4e136d63c  Searched PubMed for "PMID 22778288 serotonin syndrome mephedrone"
    ├─ used  search/57c6bda2-60e4-4500-921d-494f2cec1d0f  Searched WebSearch/Erowid for "mephedrone legal status jurisdictions"
    ├─ used  search/a0d5e97b-c5de-4340-92ea-20ada5e38588  Searched WebSearch for "mephedrone tramadol fatal interaction serotonin case report"
    ├─ used  search/21286284-39ce-4ff5-bfdd-cfb5e15d8d9a  Searched Crossref/verify_doi for "DOI 10.1007/s13181-011-0193-z"
    └─ used  search/7ca9291d-4b4d-4d07-addc-fb4f4b282a70  Searched WebSearch for "mephedrone SMILES CAS melting point physical properties"
├─ generated_by  version/1  Revision 1
  ├─ derived_from  issue/notice@6092867e67a3  Issued notice
  ├─ derived_from  issue/info_card@29319cdac70f  Issued info_card
  ├─ derived_from  issue/emergency@47cf1475db8d  Issued emergency
  ├─ derived_from  issue/info_card@1e3038aebd82  Issued info_card
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    ├─ used  claim/1868e17d-46cb-4021-aabc-41261bb932fe  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/5c549eea-3906-4b2f-9e2a-fe6474bddecc  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/3c0ab48a-2fdf-47ec-895f-4602fce218c3  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/f59f62fa-7961-46af-a711-616857634c24  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/b45cdf26-7994-4071-9022-4b2358064c45  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/041cb648-7187-4bbf-86f5-519b75cac41b  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/863190bc-b389-4dfd-827a-bb1b28bd3779  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/4ad313f0-eaa8-4ae2-9d6f-1cb67540ea14  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/1c562980-e6f5-4b86-ba2c-69b970926b40  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/8e8815c1-2303-4c1a-bffd-64ff85c42980  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/3930ceb8-6654-4bce-bd2b-d85890a31b2f  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/d5b2b09b-bc77-408f-ae73-0b075e15764b  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/7f8de665-26ba-4379-8da9-cf9bc2c9c632  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/8c2a489d-80b8-407e-96f2-549d7b404036  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/b52bce44-43e9-481c-a84d-0455d9604830  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/c48a5e7c-da7b-4167-9cb6-eaacd6c8b5bb  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/4911b5ab-9b14-4388-baa7-3ff7f3d09eed  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/dda2d8ad-4a15-4402-ad65-4a963b4aad38  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/5ccd1404-24f0-42d1-ad16-7e93f3e580c2  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
      ├─ informed_by  section/comparative-pharmacology.full@1
      ├─ informed_by  section/summary.full@1
      ├─ informed_by  section/pharmacology.full@1
      ├─ informed_by  section/neuroscience.full@1
      ├─ informed_by  section/safety.full@1
      ├─ informed_by  section/chemistry.full@1
      ├─ informed_by  section/receptor-pharmacology.full@1
      └─ informed_by  section/clinical-evidence.full@1
… closure truncated at 200 nodes

indented by distance from this node, not by parentage

1Provenance card

the boundary, as counts

Sources

4137 with DOI

4 strong · 31 moderate · 6 weak

Compilations

12026-04-20T23:32:24.316Z

pipeline-v5 · prompt hash not recorded — run predates 2026-09

Decisions

78last ruled 2026-06-04

0 awaiting a ruling

Issued documents

42026-10-19T20:32:45.725Z

notice · info card · emergency

Searches

210 with no results

queries and counts on the build

Claims checked

1234 supported

4 supported · 119 not

Correspondence

0received

consent field ships in Phase 4

Edges

365

derivations recorded for this entity

Complete over 41 sources, 1 compilation, and 78 decisions.Not here: the private journal (never).Working material — drafts, discards, unsupported claims — is listed below and readable on the working page.Cite: psychedex.org/substances/mephedrone/archive

2Build

one panel per compilation run

generation run 2026-04-20

80 min completedmodel pipeline-v5plan not recordedrun/5d640c3d…

research

citationsRegistryrecordresearchOutputworking

draft

articleDraftworking

audit

articleAuditedworking

verify

verificationResultworking

simplify

articleSimplifiedworking

publish

runMetarecordrunSummaryrecord

Selection

results seen108
selected by the model47
consumed as sources41

Verification

claims checked123
supported4
partially supported0
not supported0
inconclusive119
  • record
  • seen / partial
  • working

The model's own caveats

none raised on this run

Reproduce

inputs
41 source keys (listed under Sources)
plan
not recorded — template version, prompt hash and git SHA are written from 2026-09 onward
model
pipeline-v5
streams
none — agent transcripts are persisted from 2026-09 onward
21 searches — query, source, results, what was kept and why
21 searches for this run
#sourcequeryseenkeptrationale
1PubChemmephedrone11Primary chemical identity data for mephedrone
2ClinicalTrials.govmephedrone42Human pharmacology Phase 1 trials directly relevant to mephedrone dosing, abuse liability, and alcohol interactions
3OpenAlexmephedrone 4-methylmethcathinone pharmacology158High-citation landmark papers covering pharmacology, clinical toxicology, and mechanism of action
4PubMedmephedrone toxicity overdose case report adverse effects32Toxicology case reports directly relevant to mephedrone safety
5PubMedmephedrone pharmacology mechanism dopamine serotonin transporter96Core pharmacology papers with binding data and mechanism of action
6PubMedmephedrone dependence addiction abuse potential self-administration11—
7PubMedPMID 21072502, 21810934, 20358417 fetch33—
8PubMedmephedrone human pharmacokinetics metabolism bioavailability21—
9PubMedmephedrone subjective effects human study clinical trial33—
10PubMedmephedrone deaths fatalities post-mortem forensic33—
11ClinicalTrials.govmephedrone42—
12Erowid/WebSearchmephedrone legal status scheduling US UK Germany Australia102—
13WebSearchmephedrone first synthesis 1929 Saem de Burnaga Sanchez history101—
14PubMedmephedrone cardiovascular cardiac effects blood pressure54—
15OpenAlexDOI 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02145.x (Simmler 2012)11—
16PubMedmephedrone pharmacokinetics metabolites nor-mephedrone dihydromephedrone urine22—
17Crossref/verify_doiDOI 10.1007/s13181-011-0193-z11—
18WebSearch/Erowidmephedrone legal status jurisdictions101—
19WebSearchmephedrone SMILES CAS melting point physical properties101—
20PubMedPMID 22778288 serotonin syndrome mephedrone11—
21WebSearchmephedrone tramadol fatal interaction serotonin case report101—
123 claims by section — every cited sentence, checked against its source
safety42 · 4 ok

  • Serotonin syndrome has been documented from mephedrone alonesupported

    Principal substance mephedrone. Became hyperthermic, deteriorated over next hour. Appropriate treatment for serotonin syndrome led to sustained recovery over 15h. bcr.04.2010.2925

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • A 22-year-old male presented with tachycardia, diaphoresis, hypertonia, hyperreflexia, clonus, and hyperthermia following mephedrone ingestion; progressive deterioration occurred over the first hour, with sustained recovery over 15 hours under appropriate managementsupported

    22-year-old male presented with tachycardia, diaphoresis, hypertonia, hyper-reflexia and clonus. Principal substance mephedrone. Became hyperthermic, deteriorated over next hour. Appropriate treatment for serotonin syndrome led to sustained recovery over 15h. bcr.04.2010.2925

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Mephedrone alone can precipitate serotonin syndrome; co-administration with SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs, tramadol, lithium, or triptans elevates this risk substantiallysupported

    Principal substance mephedrone. Became hyperthermic, deteriorated over next hour. Appropriate treatment for serotonin syndrome led to sustained recovery over 15h. bcr.04.2010.2925

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Mephedrone alone causes serotonin syndrome at recreational doses.supported

    Principal substance mephedrone. Became hyperthermic, deteriorated over next hour. Appropriate treatment for serotonin syndrome led to sustained recovery over 15h. bcr.04.2010.2925

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

pharmacology20 · 0 ok

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

neuroscience16 · 0 ok

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

summary14 · 0 ok

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

receptor-pharmacology8 · 0 ok

  • Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

pharmacokinetic-detail6 · 0 ok

  • Claim in pharmacokinetic-detail — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacokinetic-detail — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacokinetic-detail — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacokinetic-detail — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacokinetic-detail — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in pharmacokinetic-detail — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

comparative-pharmacology5 · 0 ok

  • Claim in comparative-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in comparative-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in comparative-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in comparative-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in comparative-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

history5 · 0 ok

  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

clinical-evidence3 · 0 ok

  • Claim in clinical-evidence — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in clinical-evidence — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in clinical-evidence — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

chemistry2 · 0 ok

  • Claim in chemistry — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in chemistry — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

effects-overview2 · 0 ok

  • Claim in effects-overview — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in effects-overview — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

3Sources

41 consumed · sorted by year · feeds = sections resting on it

Sources 1 to 30
yearsourcetierstatusfeeds
2025Chemsex-related deaths in the United Kingdom (2017-2022): A review of the Forensic Toxicology dataTyler M, Ward L, Grosse S · Forensic Science Internationaldoi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112553moderateconsumed2 sections
2024SMILES and physical properties of mephedrone (CID 45266826)PubChem/Chemsrcurl:f0071bcdab06c69fweakconsumedcited only
2023Mephedrone induces partial release at human dopamine transporters but full release at human serotonin transportersMayer FP, Niello M, Bulling S, et al. · Neuropharmacologydoi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109704moderateconsumed4 sections
2023Neurochemical and Cardiovascular Effects of 4-Chloro Ring-Substituted Synthetic Cathinones in RatsChojnacki MR, Thorndike EB, Partilla JS, et al. · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeuticsdoi:10.1124/jpet.122.001478moderateconsumed1 section
2021Acute Pharmacological Effects of Oral and Intranasal Mephedrone: An Observational Study in HumansPapaseit E, Olesti E, Perez-Mana C, et al. · Pharmaceuticalsdoi:10.3390/ph14020100moderateconsumed4 sections
2021Pharmacokinetics of Mephedrone and Its Metabolites in Whole Blood and Plasma after Controlled Intranasal Administration to Healthy Human VolunteersCzerwinska J, Parkin MC, George C, et al. · Journal of Analytical Toxicologydoi:10.1093/jat/bkaa134moderateconsumed1 section
2020Designer drugs: mechanism of action and adverse effectsLuethi D, Liechti ME · Archives of Toxicologydoi:10.1007/s00204-020-02693-7strongconsumed1 section
2020Synthetic psychoactive cathinones: hypothermia and reduced lethality compared to methamphetamine and MDMAMuskiewicz DE, Resendiz-Gutierrez F, Issa O, Hall FS · Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behaviordoi:10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172871moderateconsumed1 section
2019Dose-Response Pharmacological Study of Mephedrone and Its Metabolites: Pharmacokinetics, Serotoninergic Effects, and Impact of CYP2D6 Genetic VariationOlesti E, Farre M, Carbo ML, et al. · Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeuticsdoi:10.1002/cpt.1417strongconsumed4 sections
2019Mephedrone and Alcohol Interactions in HumansPapaseit E, Perez-Mana C, de Sousa Fernandes Perna EB, et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacologydoi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01588strongconsumed4 sections
2019Polytox synthetic cathinone abuse: role for organic cation transporter 3Mayer FP, Schmid D, Holy M, Daws LC, Sitte HH · Neurochemistry Internationaldoi:10.1016/j.neuint.2018.09.008moderateconsumed4 sections
2018Neuropharmacology of Synthetic CathinonesBaumann MH, Walters HM, Niello M, Sitte HH · Handbook of Experimental Pharmacologydoi:10.1007/164_2018_178moderateconsumed2 sections
2017GC-MS Quantification Method for Mephedrone in Plasma and Urine: Application to Human PharmacokineticsOlesti E, Pujadas M, Papaseit E, et al. · Journal of Analytical Toxicologydoi:10.1093/jat/bkw120moderateconsumed2 sections
2017Neurotoxicology of Synthetic Cathinone AnalogsAngoa-Perez M, Anneken JH, Kuhn DM · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciencesdoi:10.1007/7854_2016_21moderateconsumed1 section
2017Pharmacokinetics of Mephedrone and Its Metabolites in Human by LC-MS/MSOlesti E, Farre M, Papaseit E, et al. · The AAPS Journaldoi:10.1208/s12248-017-0132-2moderateconsumed1 section
2017Stereoselective Differences between the Reinforcing and Motivational Effects of Cathinone-Derived 4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone) in Self-Administering RatsPhilogene-Khalid HL, Simmons SJ, Nayak S, et al. · ACS Chemical Neurosciencedoi:10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00212moderateconsumed3 sections
2016Human Pharmacology of Mephedrone in Comparison with MDMAPapaseit E, Pérez-Mañá C, Mateus JA, et al. · Neuropsychopharmacologydoi:10.1038/npp.2016.75strongconsumed5 sections
2015Mephedrone related fatalities: a reviewBusardo FP, Kyriakou C, Napoletano S, Marinelli E, Zaami S · European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciencespmid:26502870moderateconsumed1 section
2015Self-reported prevalence of dependence of MDMA compared to cocaine, mephedrone and ketamine among a sample of recreational poly-drug usersUosukainen H, Tacke U, Winstock AR · International Journal on Drug Policydoi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.07.004moderateconsumed1 section
2014A 3-year review of new psychoactive substances in caseworkElliott S, Evans J · Forensic Science Internationaldoi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.04.017moderateconsumed2 sections
2014Abuse-related and abuse-limiting effects of methcathinone and the synthetic bath salts cathinone analogs MDPV, methylone and mephedrone on intracranial self-stimulation in ratsBonano JS, Glennon RA, De Felice LJ, Banks ML, Negus SS · Psychopharmacologydoi:10.1007/s00213-013-3223-5moderateconsumed2 sections
2014Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging reveals differential long-term neuroadaptation after methamphetamine and mephedroneden Hollander B, Dudek M, Ojanpera I, et al. · International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacologydoi:10.1093/ijnp/pyu106moderateconsumed1 section
2013Bath salts intoxication: a case seriesImam SF, Patel H, Mahmoud M, et al. · Journal of Emergency Medicinedoi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.04.017weakconsumed1 section
2013Changes in ambient temperature differentially alter the thermoregulatory, cardiac and locomotor stimulant effects of 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone)Miller ML, Creehan KM, Angrish D, et al. · Drug and Alcohol Dependencedoi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.07.003moderateconsumed2 sections
2013Differential effects of cathinone compounds and MDMA on body temperature in the rat, and pharmacological characterization of mephedrone-induced hypothermiaShortall SE, Green AR, Swift KM, Fone KC, King MV · British Journal of Pharmacologydoi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02236.xmoderateconsumed2 sections
2013In vitro metabolism studies on mephedrone and analysis of forensic casesPedersen AJ, Reitzel LA, Johansen SS, Linnet K · Drug Testing and Analysisdoi:10.1002/dta.1369moderateconsumed3 sections
2013Long-term cognitive and neurochemical effects of bath salt designer drugs methylone and mephedroneden Hollander B, Rozov S, Linden AM, et al. · Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behaviordoi:10.1016/j.pbb.2012.10.006moderateconsumed2 sections
2013Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) supports intravenous self-administration in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar ratsAarde SM, Angrish D, Barlow DJ, et al. · Addiction Biologydoi:10.1111/adb.12038moderateconsumed2 sections
2012Comparative neuropharmacology of three psychostimulant cathinone derivatives: butylone, mephedrone and methyloneLopez-Arnau R, Martinez-Clemente J, Pubill D, Escubedo E, Camarasa J · British Journal of Pharmacologydoi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01998.xmoderateconsumed2 sections
2012Effect of ambient temperature on the thermoregulatory and locomotor stimulant effects of 4-methylmethcathinone in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley ratsWright MJ, Angrish D, Aarde SM, et al. · PLoS ONEdoi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044652moderateconsumed2 sections
Show all 41 sources — 11 more
Sources 31 to 41
yearsourcetierstatusfeeds
2012Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the ratMeng H, Cao J, Kang J, et al. · Toxicology Lettersdoi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010moderateconsumed3 sections
2012Pharmacological characterization of designer cathinones in vitroSimmler LD, Buser TA, Donzelli M, et al. · British Journal of Pharmacologydoi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02145.xmoderateconsumed3 sections
2012The designer methcathinone analogs, mephedrone and methylone, are substrates for monoamine transporters in brain tissueBaumann MH, Ayestas MA, Partilla JS, et al. · Neuropsychopharmacologydoi:10.1038/npp.2011.304moderateconsumed7 sections
20114-Methylmethcathinone (mephedrone): neuropharmacological effects of a designer stimulant of abuseHadlock GC, Webb KM, McFadden LM, et al. · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeuticsdoi:10.1124/jpet.111.184119moderateconsumed3 sections
2011Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone; 'meow meow'): chemical, pharmacological and clinical issuesSchifano F, Albanese A, Fergus S, et al. · Psychopharmacologydoi:10.1007/s00213-010-2070-xmoderateconsumed2 sections
2011Mephedrone Legal Status by Jurisdiction (Erowid)Erowidurl:ef3c1c9e5932c845weakconsumedcited only
2011Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake ratsKehr J, Ichinose F, Yoshitake S, et al. · British Journal of Pharmacologydoi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.xmoderateconsumed3 sections
2011Mephedrone: use, subjective effects and health risksWinstock A, Mitcheson L, Ramsey J, et al. · Addictiondoi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03502.xmoderateconsumed2 sections
2010Multiple-drug toxicity caused by the coadministration of 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone) and heroinDickson AJ, Vorce SP, Levine B, Past MR · Journal of Analytical Toxicologypmid:20406541weakconsumed1 section
2010Recreational use of mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone, 4-MMC) with associated sympathomimetic toxicityWood DM, Davies S, Puchnarewicz M, et al. · Journal of Medical Toxicologydoi:10.1007/s13181-010-0018-5weakconsumed1 section
2010The serotonin syndrome as a result of mephedrone toxicityGarrett G, Sweeney M · BMJ Case Reportsdoi:10.1136/bcr.04.2010.2925weakconsumed1 section

4Docket

one filing per activity — decisions, correspondence, reports

  1. 0012026-04-20revisionRevision 1

    Initial LLM generation (v5 pipeline, wiki)

    psx:substance/mephedrone/version/1
  2. 0022026-04-21proposaldose_tier · threshold
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/dose_tier/18476dad-fe3d-4fad-bb8c-7fcb895c47c8
  3. 0032026-04-21proposaldose_tier · light
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/dose_tier/0bf83c08-9e22-4dbd-a415-a63ae40d5717
  4. 0042026-04-21proposaldose_tier · common
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/dose_tier/86c90100-29a2-413b-8d19-7ab8eeb0e4cb
  5. 0052026-04-21proposaldose_tier · strong
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/dose_tier/7edda3a2-53d3-45f4-a416-19d9c3e5e3e7
  6. 0062026-04-21proposaldose_tier · heavy
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/dose_tier/64106fe0-c2ff-4ce3-be83-cb1c4ab87f2c
  7. 0072026-04-21proposaltimeline · oral · onset
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/timeline/adc2953f-73e6-4fce-aea8-565ce876212b
  8. 0082026-04-21proposaltimeline · oral · come_up
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/timeline/f81c668a-c540-4768-9264-eb102b92ebd2
  9. 0092026-04-21proposaltimeline · oral · peak
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/timeline/fdcc44c5-2a51-4c8a-8a2b-631fc91feb44
  10. 0102026-04-21proposaltimeline · oral · plateau
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/timeline/9c0a2c82-7c3f-4f64-b9b0-cbdcb6f0ae54
  11. 0112026-04-21proposaltimeline · oral · resolution
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/timeline/2c4a5dba-6caf-46a5-a388-f999fd141f35
  12. 0122026-04-21proposaltimeline · oral · afterglow
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/timeline/06afd8b2-01cc-42ca-9acd-ae10bd6875a5
  13. 0132026-04-21proposaltimeline · insufflated · onset
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/timeline/6e6173fe-1946-4ccc-b62e-a63506851182
  14. 0142026-04-21proposaltimeline · insufflated · come_up
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/timeline/9777d2d7-968e-4375-8e02-9fbebb0f8b0d
  15. 0152026-04-21proposaltimeline · insufflated · peak
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/timeline/71a1ae35-10a9-4d99-9d15-0bac1d6340b5
  16. 0162026-04-21proposaltimeline · insufflated · resolution
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/timeline/70dc486c-aff3-47b8-bd82-eeb8dad5b658
  17. 0172026-04-21proposaltimeline · insufflated · afterglow
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/timeline/5cd9cb54-e582-47a6-820a-a9f1f9c8af3a
  18. 0182026-04-21proposaltoxicity
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/toxicity/cc0cf8fb-3eab-4f59-95d2-2a9d234c1ad8
  19. 0192026-04-21proposaldependence · full
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/dependence/bb343b7d-f960-4336-924f-ae5be035ef48
  20. 0202026-04-21proposalwithdrawal
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/withdrawal/f24f75e5-994d-4756-ad0e-70debbe42e54
  21. 0212026-04-21proposaltolerance
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/tolerance/a487c71b-7a2e-4e72-84ab-e4eeb1a69b33
  22. 0222026-04-21proposaldosage · oral
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/dosage/eebc9733-b6d2-40a5-8131-223ea0ec0737
  23. 0232026-04-21proposaldosage · insufflated
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/dosage/0480eba9-3b2a-4d89-9a67-1089c2b21033
  24. 0242026-04-21proposalduration · oral · onset
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/53883f28-d246-4a2e-9fe5-9f7c1a49413c
  25. 0252026-04-21proposalduration · oral · come_up
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/fb77e873-ea6c-4030-bd25-1f4680acc22a
  26. 0262026-04-21proposalduration · oral · peak
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/7fab945c-682d-41eb-9e2f-68821f1e6cb3
  27. 0272026-04-21proposalduration · oral · offset
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/21a05a53-2ab2-4688-8dbd-a4381bfa9b75
  28. 0282026-04-21proposalduration · oral · total
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/c5206a6e-a958-4650-90b1-d35284649059
  29. 0292026-04-21proposalduration · oral · aftereffects
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/9275130a-28a9-4355-9225-834dc3933bef
  30. 0302026-04-21proposalduration · insufflated · onset
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/41e837f1-0368-4b4a-a76f-520c050d8536
  31. 0312026-04-21proposalduration · insufflated · come_up
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/c0440b94-4bd1-413a-b2d2-9e3f60337f60
  32. 0322026-04-21proposalduration · insufflated · peak
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/adbe4c4b-588c-4e99-804b-6a982c01cff9
  33. 0332026-04-21proposalduration · insufflated · offset
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/6e6dd605-4022-4166-9be5-4cada68272a5
  34. 0342026-04-21proposalduration · insufflated · total
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/9e40f3c5-96e8-4431-9305-742d484a77cd
  35. 0352026-04-21proposalduration · insufflated · aftereffects
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/duration/87f11dc0-215d-48b2-9ea1-e801880042fb
  36. 0362026-06-04proposal42 value proposals approved together

    one review action inferred from a shared reviewer and instant — the graph records one activity per proposal

    42 items in this filing

    • dose_tier · light
    • dose_tier · common
    • dose_tier · strong
    • dose_tier · heavy
    • timeline · oral · onset
    • timeline · oral · come_up
    • timeline · oral · peak
    • timeline · oral · plateau
    • timeline · oral · resolution
    • timeline · oral · afterglow
    • timeline · insufflated · onset
    • timeline · insufflated · come_up
    • timeline · insufflated · peak
    • timeline · insufflated · plateau
    • timeline · insufflated · resolution
    • timeline · insufflated · afterglow
    • toxicity
    • dependence · full
    • withdrawal
    • tolerance
    • dosage · oral
    • dosage · insufflated
    • duration · oral · onset
    • duration · oral · come_up
    • duration · oral · peak
    • duration · oral · offset
    • duration · oral · total
    • duration · oral · aftereffects
    • duration · insufflated · onset
    • duration · insufflated · come_up
    • duration · insufflated · peak
    • duration · insufflated · offset
    • duration · insufflated · total
    • duration · insufflated · aftereffects
    • contraindication · metabolic
    • contraindication · cardiovascular
    • contraindication · psychiatric
    • contraindication · other
    • contraindication · other
    • contraindication · pregnancy_breastfeeding
    • contraindication · psychiatric
    psx:substance/mephedrone/proposal/dose_tier/46f76ec0-8d04-4a2c-86cf-ff1de127f070
  37. 0372026-06-04publicationPublication — backfill
    psx:substance/mephedrone/pub/e4b45656-8984-4967-a869-d24533e60737

5Issued documents

what the notice, info card and emergency page said, by hash

Issued documents
documentcontent hashissuedfrom versionsuperseded
info_card1e3038aebd826927a596964c…2026-10-19 20:32Revision 1current
emergency47cf1475db8db7f236c6a01a…2026-09-04 04:30Revision 1current
info_card29319cdac70f1bced1950cf2…2026-09-04 04:30Revision 1superseded2026-10-19
notice6092867e67a34b1ffc5c2d45…2026-09-04 04:30Revision 1current