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4-HO-MiPT
4-hydroxy-N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine
4-HO-MiPT (4-hydroxy-N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine) — miprocin — is a synthetic psychedelic of the tryptamine class. It is a close structural relative of psilocin, with roughly 2.5× greater oral potency.[1] It activates serotonin receptors, disrupting the brain's sensory filtering and producing the visual and perceptual shifts of a classical psychedelic.[2]
4-HO-MiPT (4-hydroxy-N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine) — miprocin — is a synthetic psychedelic of the tryptamine class. It is a close structural relative of psilocin, distinguished by approximately 2.5× greater oral potency.[1] 4-HO-MiPT is a presumed 5-HT₂A receptor agonist, producing its effects by disrupting serotonin-mediated sensory filtering in the cortex.[2]
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Synthesized in 1981 as part of a systematic study of psilocin analogs,[3][4] its effects in humans were confirmed by 1985. Shulgin documented it in TiHKAL (1997), which remains the primary record of human experience with the compound.[1] It circulates on research chemical markets as "miprocin," with no approved medical use and no clinical trials underway.
Subjective effects include vivid closed-eye imagery, color enhancement, heightened music enhancement, sexual arousal enhancement, and time alteration. The experience is warm and body-forward — more sensory than psilocin, with less cognitive weight and a distinctive sedative undertow at full doses.[1] Nausea, muscle tremors, bruxism, and motor incoordination are common unwanted effects.
4-HO-MiPT produces no physical dependence — tolerance builds rapidly through downregulation,[5] and no human fatalities have been attributed to it. The main risks are psychological: panic, anxiety, and possible psychosis in predisposed individuals, amplified by combining with MAOIs or tramadol, which causes dangerous serotonin accumulation.[6] No controlled studies exist; what is known comes from structural analogy to psilocin and Shulgin's uncontrolled self-experiments.
History[edit]
Discovery
4-HO-MiPT was first synthesized in 1981 by David Repke, Wilfred Ferguson, and Dennis Bates as part of a systematic study of how nitrogen substitution patterns altered the pharmacology of the psilocin scaffold.[3] The first human evaluation, published in 1985, described a "classic hallucinogenic profile" and noted that its asymmetric nitrogen substitution increased potency relative to psilocin.[4]
Documentation and Characterization
Alexander Shulgin documented it as entry #22 in TiHKAL (1997), covering dose-response, onset, duration, and qualitative descriptions from multiple self-experiments.[1] This remains the primary human pharmacology record. The crystal structure of 4-HO-MiPT fumarate was published in 2020,[7] and a US patent for psychiatric applications was granted in 2023[8] — no clinical trials have followed.
Modern Use
4-HO-MiPT circulates on research chemical markets as a fumarate salt under the name "miprocin." Sweden classified it as a health-hazardous substance in November 2005,[9] indicating market presence by at least that date. No clinical trials have been registered in any jurisdiction.
The name "miprocin" follows the convention for 4-hydroxytryptamines on research chemical markets — combining the N-alkyl abbreviation (MiPT for N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine) with the "-cin" suffix denoting 4-hydroxy substitution, paralleling psilocin (4-HO-DMT) and metocin (4-HO-MET). The compound occupies a niche position among psychedelic tryptamines, recognized by experienced users for its distinctive erotic and musical enhancement qualities but lacking the cultural visibility of psilocybin or the research chemical ubiquity of 4-HO-MET.
Chemistry[edit]
4-HO-MiPT belongs to the 4-hydroxytryptamine family — the same structural class as psilocin.[4] Its molecular formula is C₁₄H₂₀N₂O (232.32 g/mol).
The key difference from psilocin is an asymmetric nitrogen: one methyl group and one isopropyl group rather than two methyl groups — an arrangement associated with roughly 2.5× greater oral potency.[1]
Pharmacology[edit]
Mechanism of Action
4-HO-MiPT works primarily by activating serotonin receptors — specifically those responsible for psychedelic effects.[10][11][4] It also activates a second type of serotonin receptor that has a calming, sedating effect.[12][13] This explains why lower doses feel stimulating and perceptual while higher doses become sedated and physically heavy.[1]
Pharmacokinetics
No pharmacokinetic studies have been published for 4-HO-MiPT. Based on its closest relative psilocin, effects likely peak around 90–120 minutes after ingestion and clear within a few hours.[14] The reported fast onset — as quick as 10–20 minutes[1] — may reflect faster absorption from added lipophilicity, though this is speculative.
Metabolism is inferred from a closely related tryptamine studied in human liver cells.[15] Which specific liver enzymes process 4-HO-MiPT is unknown — a gap that directly affects how well drug interactions can be predicted.
Neuroscience[edit]
Where It Acts
No brain imaging or electrophysiology studies have been published for 4-HO-MiPT. As a serotonin receptor activator, it likely acts on neurons in the prefrontal cortex,[10] disrupting the brain's default network — the system that maintains the sense of self — and opening sensory areas to less-filtered input. A secondary serotonin receptor effect adds sedation and calming at higher doses.[12]
Why It Matters
One useful framework: psychedelics reduce the brain's confidence in its existing expectations, allowing raw sensory experience to come through more strongly. This maps onto 4-HO-MiPT's character — vivid perception, novel associations, and loosening of habitual thought.
Serotonergic psychedelics also appear to promote structural brain changes through pathways downstream of serotonin receptor activation,citation needed though whether 4-HO-MiPT shares this property is unstudied.
- Does 4-HO-MiPT promote neuroplasticity at relevant doses, and does its effect differ from psilocin's?
- How does the asymmetric N-methyl-N-isopropyl substitution affect how long the molecule occupies serotonin receptors, and does this explain the potency difference from psilocin?
- Does 4-HO-MiPT engage non-serotonergic targets at pharmacologically relevant concentrations?
Subjective Effects[edit]
4-HO-MiPT produces a warm, body-forward psychedelic experience defined by sensory immersion.[1] Colors intensify, music takes on a tactile, physical quality, and erotic sensation amplifies. A distinctive sedative undertow sets it apart from other 4-hydroxytryptamines.
Compared to psilocin, the experience carries less cognitive weight and more physical warmth — erotic and musical enhancement are more prominent and consistent. Relative to 4-HO-MET, 4-HO-MiPT is more sensory and sedating, with less of the lighter, recreational character.
Synthesized in 1981 as part of a systematic exploration of psilocin analogs,[3] its psychedelic activity was confirmed in humans by 1985.[4] Shulgin documented it as entry #22 in TiHKAL (1997), which remains the primary human pharmacology record.[1] It circulates on research chemical markets as "miprocin," with no clinical development underway despite a 2023 therapeutic patent.
Subjective effects include vivid closed-eye imagery, color enhancement, music enhancement, sexual arousal enhancement, time alteration, and sedation at higher doses. The experience is more body-oriented and sensory than psilocin — warm, erotically charged, and musically immersive, with less cognitive weight and a distinctive sedative undertow at full doses.[1] Nausea, muscle tremors, bruxism, and motor incoordination are common unsought effects.
4-HO-MiPT produces no physical dependence; rapid tolerance through downregulation makes compulsive redosing self-limiting.[5] The primary risk is psychological — anxiety, panic, and possible psychosis precipitation in predisposed individuals — amplified by dangerous serotonin accumulation when combined with MAOIs or tramadol.[6] No controlled studies, binding data, or human pharmacokinetic parameters have been published — the current understanding rests entirely on structural analogy to psilocin and Shulgin's uncontrolled self-experiments.
History[edit]
Discovery
4-HO-MiPT was first synthesized in 1981 by David Repke, Wilfred Ferguson, and Dennis Bates as one member of a broader series investigating how N-alkyl substitution patterns altered the pharmacology of the psilocin scaffold.[3] Four years later, Repke, Grotjahn, and Shulgin published the first formal human evaluation, describing the 4-hydroxy congener as producing "a classic hallucinogenic profile" and noting that its asymmetric nitrogen substitution increased potency relative to psilocin.[4]
Documentation and Characterization
Alexander Shulgin provided the most comprehensive account of the compound as entry #22 in TiHKAL (1997), documenting dose-response relationships, onset, duration, and qualitative descriptions across multiple self-experiments.[1] This entry remains the primary human pharmacology record. In 2020, the first crystal structure of 4-HO-MiPT fumarate was published via X-ray crystallography,[7] and a US patent for crystalline bis-miprocin fumarate was granted in 2023 proposing psychiatric applications[8] — though no clinical development has followed.
Modern Use
4-HO-MiPT has circulated on research chemical markets primarily as a fumarate salt under the name "miprocin." Sweden's classification of the compound as a health-hazardous substance in November 2005 suggests market presence by at least that date.[9] No investigational new drug application or clinical trial has been registered for the compound in any jurisdiction.
The name "miprocin" follows the convention established for 4-hydroxytryptamines on research chemical markets — combining the N-alkyl abbreviation (MiPT for N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine) with the "-cin" suffix denoting 4-hydroxy substitution, paralleling psilocin (4-HO-DMT) and metocin (4-HO-MET). The compound occupies a niche position among psychedelic tryptamines, recognized by experienced users for its distinctive erotic and musical enhancement qualities but lacking the cultural visibility of psilocybin or the research chemical ubiquity of 4-HO-MET.
Chemistry[edit]
Structural Class
4-HO-MiPT belongs to the 4-hydroxytryptamine family — the same structural class as psilocin (4-HO-DMT), 4-HO-MET, and 4-HO-DiPT. The core structure is an indole ring with a hydroxyl group at position 4 and a 2-aminoethyl chain at position 3. What distinguishes 4-HO-MiPT from psilocin is its asymmetric nitrogen substitution: one methyl group and one isopropyl group, compared to psilocin's two methyl groups.[4]
| Molecular formula | C₁₄H₂₀N₂O |
| Molecular weight | 232.32 g/mol |
Physical Properties
The free base melts at 123–124°C and rapidly discolors through oxidation under ambient conditions; storage under inert atmosphere at freezing temperatures is required to maintain stability.[1] A stable crystalline fumarate salt has been characterized by X-ray diffraction, with cations and anions arranged in hydrogen-bonded chains.[7] The fumarate is the preferred storage form and the form most commonly encountered on research chemical markets.
Structure-Activity Relationships
The asymmetric N-methyl-N-isopropyl substitution produces a tertiary amine with greater steric bulk and lipophilicity than psilocin's symmetrical N,N-dimethyl group. This tertiary amine status is pharmacologically significant: only tertiary amine tryptamines reliably produce the head twitch response in rodent models, the standard behavioral proxy for psychedelic activity.[10] The added bulk may also account for the approximately 2.5× potency advantage over psilocin observed in human self-experiments,[1] though the mechanism underlying this potency difference has not been formally characterized.
Pharmacology[edit]
Mechanism of Action
4-HO-MiPT acts primarily as an agonist at the serotonin 5-HT₂A receptor,[11][10][4] the principal mediator of psychedelic effects. The downstream pathway responsible for psychedelic activity is Gq-protein signaling — not β-arrestin2 recruitment — as demonstrated by studies showing that Gq efficacy at 5-HT₂A predicts psychedelic behavioral responses in animal models.[2]
As a 4-hydroxytryptamine, 4-HO-MiPT also engages 5-HT₁A receptors.[12][13] This secondary target mediates sedative and calming effects, and likely explains the dose-dependent shift from stimulating psychedelia at lower doses to sedated incoordination at higher doses described in TiHKAL accounts.[1]
Pharmacokinetics
No pharmacokinetic studies have been published for 4-HO-MiPT. All parameters are inferred from structural analogs.
The closest well-characterized relative, psilocin, reaches peak plasma concentration approximately 90–120 minutes after oral administration with an half-life of 2–3 hours.[14] 4-HO-MiPT's faster reported onset — as rapid as 10–20 minutes per TiHKAL[1] — may reflect enhanced absorption from the isopropyl group's added lipophilicity, though this remains speculative.
Metabolic pathways are inferred from a closely related tryptamine studied in human liver microsomes.[15] The most probable routes are removal of the larger isopropyl group (yielding 4-hydroxy-N-methyltryptamine), ring hydroxylation, and phase II conjugation. Which specific liver enzymes handle 4-HO-MiPT's metabolism is unknown — a gap with direct implications for predicting drug interactions, particularly with monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Neuroscience[edit]
Where It Acts
No direct neuroimaging or electrophysiology studies have been published for 4-HO-MiPT. As a presumed serotonin 2A receptor agonist, its primary neural effects are expected to occur through activation of receptors on pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex.[11] In the psychedelic class, this activation disrupts default mode network connectivity (associated with ego softening), opens thalamic sensory gates (flooding the cortex with sensory input), and increases communication between normally segregated brain networks.
The 5-HT₁A co-agonism characteristic of 4-hydroxytryptamines[12] adds a modulatory layer, contributing sedative and anxiolytic qualities at higher doses.
Why It Matters
The REBUS model (Relaxed Beliefs Under Psychedelics) offers the most relevant framework: psychedelics reduce the brain's confidence in its existing expectations, allowing raw sensory information to exert greater influence on perception. This maps onto 4-HO-MiPT's reported profile — vivid perceptual alterations, novel associations, and the dissolution of habitual cognitive patterns.
Serotonergic psychedelics also promote structural brain changes (neuroplasticity) through signaling pathways downstream of 5-HT₂A activation,citation needed though whether 4-HO-MiPT shares this property is unstudied.
- Does 4-HO-MiPT promote neuroplasticity at relevant doses, and does its effect differ from psilocin's?
- How does the asymmetric N-methyl-N-isopropyl substitution affect how long the molecule occupies the 5-HT₂A receptor, and does this explain the potency difference from psilocin?
- Does 4-HO-MiPT engage non-serotonergic targets (sigma receptors, trace amine-associated receptors) at pharmacologically relevant concentrations?
Subjective Effects[edit]
4-HO-MiPT produces a warm, body-forward psychedelic experience defined by sensory immersion rather than cognitive depth. At lower doses, perception sharpens — colors intensify, music acquires tactile dimension, and erotic sensation amplifies. As dose increases, the character shifts: sedation emerges, motor coordination deteriorates, and the experience turns inward toward vivid closed-eye imagery. Set and setting exert strong influence — the same dose can produce euphoric absorption in comfortable surroundings or anxious dysphoria in unfamiliar ones.[1]
Compared to psilocin, the experience carries less cognitive weight and more physical warmth, with erotic and musical enhancement reported more consistently than for other 4-hydroxytryptamines. Relative to 4-HO-MET, 4-HO-MiPT trades some of the lighter recreational character for deeper sensory engagement and a more pronounced sedative undertow at full doses.
Effect Grid
The full psychedelic experience emerges at common doses. Open-eye visuals include geometric patterns overlaying surfaces, color saturation and shifting, drifting and morphing of objects, and tracers behind moving objects. Closed-eye imagery is vivid and complex — kaleidoscopic patterns, landscapes, and narrative visual sequences. Music enhancement reaches its peak, with sounds carrying profound emotional weight. Time distortion is significant. Thought acceleration and thought connectivity produce novel associations, creative insights, and deep introspective states.
Physically, nausea during the come-up is more frequent. Muscle tremors, jaw clenching, and body temperature fluctuations are common. Erotic enhancement — heightened tactile sensitivity and sexual arousal — is a distinctive feature at this range. Motor coordination is mildly impaired.
Sleep is impossible for 5–6 hours. The experience requires a full day's commitment.
Modeled from the effect's dose-dependence curve — not per-substance measurements.
Auditory enhancement · Brightness alteration · Visual breathing · Symmetrical texture repetition · Tracers · Perspective distortion · Environmental patterning · Light sensitivity · Sound sensitivity · Touch enhancement · Visual morphing · Depth perception distortion · After-images · Visual diffraction · Auditory distortion · Peripheral vision distortion · Visual haze / noise · Visual acuity enhancement · Vestibular distortion · Auditory misinterpretation · Dreaming enhancement · Ganzfeld effect · Holotropic state · Peripheral misidentification · Proprioceptive distortion · Sleep-transition hallucinations · Spatial disorientation · Synesthesia · Visual magnification · Visual melting · Olfactory enhancement · Taste enhancement · Flashbacks · Internal hallucinations · Object transformations · Visual recursion · External hallucinations · Environmental orbism / cubism · Object activation · Auditory hallucinations · Perspective hallucinations · Visual flipping · Olfactory hallucination · Persisting hallucinations
Tracers · Perspective distortion · Environmental patterning · Light sensitivity · Sound sensitivity · Touch enhancement · Visual morphing · Depth perception distortion · After-images · Visual diffraction · Auditory distortion · Peripheral vision distortion · Visual haze / noise · Visual acuity enhancement · Vestibular distortion · Auditory misinterpretation · Dreaming enhancement · Ganzfeld effect · Holotropic state · Peripheral misidentification · Proprioceptive distortion · Sleep-transition hallucinations · Spatial disorientation · Synesthesia · Visual magnification · Visual melting · Olfactory enhancement · Taste enhancement · Flashbacks · Internal hallucinations · Object transformations · Visual recursion · External hallucinations · Environmental orbism / cubism · Object activation · Auditory hallucinations · Perspective hallucinations · Visual flipping · Olfactory hallucination · Persisting hallucinations
Body high · Spontaneous body sensations · Appetite suppression · Tactile euphoria · Stimulation · Nausea · Dizziness · Heart rate perception changes · Insomnia · Laughter fits · Physical fatigue · Tingling / electric sensations · Vibrations / buzzing · Sedation · Body schema distortion · Muscle tension · Bodily lightness · Breathing alteration · Dry mouth · Restlessness · Watery eyes · Sexual arousal enhancement · Pain suppression · Salivation · Increased urination · Bodily heaviness · Bodily pressures · Excessive sweating · Muscle relaxation · Trembling · Vasoconstriction · Yawning · Bruxism · Headache · Involuntary body movements · Kundalini-like energy · Nystagmus (eye wobbles) · Vomiting · Seizure threshold reduction · Bodily dissociation · Tactile hallucination
Tactile euphoria · Stimulation · Nausea · Dizziness · Heart rate perception changes · Insomnia · Laughter fits · Physical fatigue · Tingling / electric sensations · Vibrations / buzzing · Sedation · Body schema distortion · Muscle tension · Bodily lightness · Breathing alteration · Dry mouth · Restlessness · Watery eyes · Sexual arousal enhancement · Pain suppression · Salivation · Increased urination · Bodily heaviness · Bodily pressures · Excessive sweating · Muscle relaxation · Trembling · Yawning · Bruxism · Headache · Involuntary body movements · Kundalini-like energy · Nystagmus (eye wobbles) · Vomiting · Seizure threshold reduction · Bodily dissociation · Tactile hallucination
Thought connectivity · Aesthetic enhancement · Introspection enhancement · Openness enhancement · Cognitive euphoria · Immersion enhancement · Cognitive flexibility · Memory suppression · Cognitive fatigue · Cognitive impairment · Multiple thought streams · Thought acceleration · Humor enhancement · Creativity enhancement · Confusion · Thought loops · Focus suppression · Information processing suppression · Memory fragmentation · Motivation suppression · Synchronicity · Thought disorganization · Analysis enhancement · Language suppression · Memory replays · Thought deceleration · Focus enhancement · Information processing enhancement · Language enhancement · Motivation enhancement · Cognitive dysphoria · Delusions of sobriety · Memory enhancement · Delusions · Amnesia
Openness enhancement · Cognitive euphoria · Immersion enhancement · Cognitive flexibility · Memory suppression · Cognitive fatigue · Cognitive impairment · Multiple thought streams · Thought acceleration · Humor enhancement · Creativity enhancement · Confusion · Thought loops · Focus suppression · Information processing suppression · Memory fragmentation · Motivation suppression · Synchronicity · Thought disorganization · Analysis enhancement · Language suppression · Memory replays · Thought deceleration · Focus enhancement · Information processing enhancement · Language enhancement · Motivation enhancement · Cognitive dysphoria · Memory enhancement · Delusions · Amnesia
Anxiety · Empathy enhancement · Simultaneous emotions · Catharsis · Dysphoria · Anxiety suppression · Irritability
Dysphoria · Anxiety suppression · Irritability
Social connection · Trust enhancement · Communication enhancement · Flow state · Sociability enhancement · Automaticity · Compulsive behavior reduction · Ego inflation · Boundary dissolution · Ego dissolution · Cognitive disconnection · Identity alteration · Telepathic feelings
Sociability enhancement · Automaticity · Compulsive behavior reduction · Ego inflation · Boundary dissolution · Ego dissolution · Cognitive disconnection · Identity alteration · Telepathic feelings
Time cessation
Entity contact · Transpersonal visions · Cessation · Death-rebirth sequence · Transpersonal memory access · Voidness
Transpersonal memory access · Voidness
Lucidity enhancement · Cognitive dissonance · Recursive awareness
Timeline
First alerts appear as a subtle shift in sensory awareness — colors may seem slightly brighter, body awareness increases, and a gentle anticipatory energy builds. Effects are easily overlooked at threshold doses.
Perceptual and somatic effects build steadily. Nausea is most likely during this phase. Visual shimmering, color enhancement, and initial geometric patterning emerge.
Maximum intensity of visual, cognitive, and emotional effects. Closed-eye imagery is vivid and complex. Music enhancement and erotic sensitivity reach their maximum.
Effects gradually recede over 1–1. 5 hours. Visuals diminish, cognitive clarity returns, and emotional intensity softens.
Residual mood elevation, introspective clarity, and mild sensory sensitivity may persist for several hours to the remainder of the day. Some users report fatigue or emotional vulnerability.
⚠ Do not drive or operate heavy machinery for the remainder of the day following ingestion.
Safety[edit]
- Acute toxicity
- Low
- Chronic toxicity
- Low
- Withdrawal
- None
- Tolerance buildup
- rapid
- Tolerance reset
- 7 days
- Physical
- None
- Psychological
- Negligible
- Compulsive redosing
- Negligible
- Dose escalation
- Negligible
- Cross-tol.
- psilo · psilocin · LSD
Toxicity
No lethal dose, therapeutic index, or toxicity data exist for 4-HO-MiPT in any species. No human fatalities have been attributed to it.[16][17]
The absence of adverse event reports in drug surveillance reviews[16][18][19][17] reflects limited use and sparse literature — not a demonstrated safety profile.
Physical Effects
Documented physical effects include muscle tremors, bruxism, nausea, and motor incoordination at higher doses.[1] These are consistent across the 4-hydroxytryptamine class.
Heart and Circulation
No cardiac safety data exist for 4-HO-MiPT. Serotonin-related compounds can cause heart valve damage with long-term use,citation needed but whether 4-HO-MiPT poses this risk is unknown.
Psychological Risks
Anxiety, panic, paranoia, and disturbing thoughts are recognized risks for all serotonergic psychedelics. Risk increases at higher doses, in unfamiliar settings, and in individuals with a personal or family history of psychotic or mood disorders.
Persistent visual disturbances after the drug clears — a condition called HPPD (hallucinogen persisting perception disorder) — are a recognized class risk. Drug-induced psychosis is possible; case reports exist for the structurally related 4-HO-MET.citation needed No 4-HO-MiPT-specific cases have been documented.
Tolerance & Dependence
Tolerance develops rapidly — after a single exposure, serotonin receptors downregulate, reducing the effect of subsequent doses.[5] Cross-tolerance extends to other serotonergic psychedelics.[5]
Tolerance is estimated to reset in approximately 7 days, with substantial recovery by day 3.inferred These are community consensus values, not empirically validated for 4-HO-MiPT. No formal abuse liability assessment exists for this compound.
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
Combining 4-HO-MiPT with tramadol carries significant serotonin syndrome risk. Tramadol blocks serotonin reuptake; combined with 4-HO-MiPT's serotonin receptor activation, the result is dangerous serotonin accumulation — causing potentially life-threatening overheating, muscle rigidity, and seizures.[6][20]
MAO Inhibitors
MAOIs are contraindicated with tryptamine psychedelics. If monoamine oxidase enzymes contribute to 4-HO-MiPT's clearance — expected by analogy but unconfirmedsafety citation needed — MAO inhibition blocks a primary metabolic route, causing dangerous potentiation and serotonin accumulation. This applies to pharmaceutical MAOIs (phenelzine, tranylcypromine, moclobemide), natural MAO inhibitors in ayahuasca (harmine, harmaline), and the antibiotic linezolid.
SSRIs and SNRIs
Co-administration creates dual risk: SSRIs may reduce psychedelic effects through downregulation while simultaneously increasing serotonin syndrome risk. Clinical significance varies with agent and dose.
Lithium
Lithium combined with serotonergic psychedelics carries documented risk of seizures and dangerous heart rhythm changes.safety citation needed This is one of the most consistently reported dangerous combinations in psychedelic harm reduction literature.
Stimulants
Amphetamines, cocaine, and other stimulants increase cardiovascular strain and psychological disturbance when combined with psychedelics. No 4-HO-MiPT-specific data exist.
Contraindications
9 knownAbsolute
- Psychotic disorders: Serotonin receptor activation can trigger or worsen psychotic episodes — including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and other primary psychotic conditions.
- Concurrent MAOI use: Risk of severe serotonin toxicity and uncontrolled potentiation.
- Concurrent lithium use: Risk of seizures and cardiac events.
Relative
- Family history of psychotic disorders: Elevated risk of psychotic decompensation relative to population baseline.
- Bipolar disorder: Risk of manic or mixed episode precipitation, even during stable periods.
- Seizure disorders: seizure threshold lowering is reported but unverified for this compound.safety citation needed Class-level serotonergic seizure risk exists at high doses.
- Heart conditions: Stimulant-like effects (increased heart rate and blood pressure) pose risk in individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular problems.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding: No reproductive or developmental safety data exist. Contraindicated by precautionary principle.
Harm Reduction[edit]
Forms & Identification
4-HO-MiPT circulates almost exclusively as a fumarate salt — the stable crystalline form characterized by Chadeayne et al.[7] and the standard on research chemical markets. The free base oxidizes and discolors rapidly under ambient conditions.[1] Dark or discolored powder signals degradation — potency may be reduced or unpredictable.
Because the active dose range is narrow, reagent testing confirms identity but cannot verify purity or potency. Quantitative analysis (HPLC from a drug checking service) is the only reliable way to confirm dose accuracy in unregulated material.
Guidelines
- Weigh doses with a milligram-scale balance — volumetric differences at this potency range can meaningfully alter the experience
- Start at the low end of the common range if unfamiliar with the compound; the 2.5× potency relative to psilocin means small weight differences translate to large effect differences
- Have a trusted, sober companion present, especially at doses above the common range
- Eat lightly 2–3 hours before dosing to reduce nausea without slowing absorption
- Prepare the physical space in advance — comfortable seating, temperature control, music, water, and minimal external obligations for 6+ hours
- Keep a light blanket accessible; body temperature perception may fluctuate
- Avoid redosing during onset — the fast onset can create a false sense that the dose was insufficient before full effects arrive
Set & Setting
4-HO-MiPT is strongly set- and setting-dependent — the same dose produces markedly different experiences depending on environment and psychological state. The fast onset (as rapid as 10–20 minutes) leaves less time to adjust than slower-onset tryptamines. A familiar, comfortable environment with trusted company provides the strongest foundation.
The compound's erotic and sensory enhancement qualities can intensify interpersonal dynamics in ways that feel welcome or overwhelming depending on context. Planning the setting to account for this is worth explicit consideration.
Aftercare & integration. The 4–6 hour duration and body-forward character of 4-HO-MiPT often leave users physically tired but mentally clear. Allow a full day of low-demand activity after the experience. Sleep may come easily given the compound's sedative quality at higher doses.
Journaling or recording impressions within 24 hours preserves material that fades quickly. For experiences that brought up difficult emotions, confusion, or unexpected psychological content, talking with a trusted person or a therapist experienced with psychedelic integration can help process the material constructively.
Recovery & Support
Compulsive use patterns are rare with serotonergic psychedelics due to rapid tolerance and the self-limiting nature of the experience. If use is becoming frequent or is being used to avoid difficult emotions rather than explore them, this signals a pattern worth examining.
Resources for support include the Fireside Project (62-FIRESIDE / 623-473-7433), MAPS integration therapist directory, and local psychedelic peer support groups. Professional help is appropriate if psychedelic experiences have triggered persistent anxiety, depersonalization, or perceptual disturbances.
Recovery resources, crisis lines, and support pathways → View all
Emergency Response
Recognizing an emergency: Most uncomfortable 4-HO-MiPT experiences — anxiety, nausea, confusion — resolve without intervention. Seek immediate help if the person shows signs of self-harm intent, complete disconnection from reality with dangerous behavior, seizures, or sustained chest pain.
Immediate steps:
- 1. Move the person to a quiet, low-stimulation environment
- 2. Speak calmly and reassuringly — remind them what they took and that the effects are temporary
- 3. Do not physically restrain them unless they are in immediate danger of harming themselves or others
- 4. If they are vomiting, position them on their side
- 5. Call emergency services if symptoms escalate or you are unsure
What to tell the dispatcher: Name the substance (4-HO-MiPT / miprocin), estimated dose, time of ingestion, and current symptoms. Good Samaritan laws in many jurisdictions protect people who call for help during a drug-related emergency.
Legal Status[edit]
As of April 2026, 4-HO-MiPT is not specifically scheduled in most countries — its legal status is governed primarily by structural analog provisions and blanket psychoactive substance bans, not substance-specific scheduling.
| Jurisdiction | Classification | Key provisions |
|---|---|---|
| United States | Unscheduled (federal) | Not listed in the Controlled Substances Act. The Federal Analogue Act may apply if sold for human consumption, as 4-HO-MiPT is a structural analog of psilocin (Schedule I). No prosecutions under the FAA for this compound have been documented.[9] |
| United Kingdom | Controlled (de facto) | Covered by the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016, which prohibits production, supply, and possession with intent to supply. Personal possession is not an offence under this act. |
| Sweden | Scheduled | Classified as a health-hazardous substance since November 1, 2005.[9] |
| Germany | Controlled | Covered under the New Psychoactive Substances Act (NpSG) since July 18, 2019, which provides blanket coverage of tryptamine derivatives. |
| Russia | Schedule I | Controlled as an analog of 4-hydroxytryptamine derivatives. |
| Canada | Not specifically scheduled | Not listed in the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act schedules. Analog provisions may apply.citation needed |
| Australia | Unconfirmed | Specific scheduling under the TGA Poisons Standard could not be confirmed. Analog drug provisions may apply.citation needed |
| Netherlands | Unscheduled | Not listed on the Opiumwet schedules. Regulated as a research chemical; not authorized for human consumption. |
Analog Act Considerations
In jurisdictions with structural analog provisions — the United States, Canada, and Australia — 4-HO-MiPT's clear structural similarity to psilocin makes it potentially subject to prosecution when intended for human consumption. Enforcement varies by jurisdiction and has not been tested in court for this compound.
Legal status changes frequently and varies by jurisdiction. This information is not legal advice. Verify current status with a qualified legal professional in the relevant jurisdiction.
Safety[edit]
- Acute toxicity
- Low
- Chronic toxicity
- Low
- Withdrawal
- None
- Tolerance buildup
- rapid
- Tolerance reset
- 7 days
- Physical
- None
- Psychological
- Negligible
- Compulsive redosing
- Negligible
- Dose escalation
- Negligible
- Cross-tol.
- psilo · psilocin · LSD
Toxicity
No lethal dose, therapeutic index, or controlled toxicity data exist for 4-HO-MiPT in any species. No human fatalities attributed to the compound have appeared in published literature.[16][17]
The absence of adverse event reports in major novel psychoactive substance surveillance reviews[16][18][19][17] reflects limited use and sparse literature coverage, not a demonstrated safety profile. The compound has not undergone systematic toxicological evaluation.
Physical Effects
Documented physical effects from Shulgin's accounts include muscle tremors, bruxism, nausea, and motor incoordination at higher doses.[1] These are consistent with the 4-hydroxytryptamine class.
Heart and Circulation
No cardiac safety data exist for 4-HO-MiPT. Serotonergic tryptamines interact with serotonin₂B receptors, which can cause heart valve damage with chronic agonist exposure.citation needed Whether 4-HO-MiPT has relevant 5-HT₂B activity is unknown.
Psychological Risks
Acute psychological distress — anxiety, panic, paranoia, and disturbing ideation — is a well-characterized risk for all serotonergic psychedelics. Risk increases at higher doses, in unfamiliar settings, and in individuals with a personal or family history of psychotic or mood disorders. No 4-HO-MiPT-specific psychological adverse event data have been published.
Drug-induced psychosis is theoretically possible; case reports exist for the structurally related 4-HO-MET.citation needed Hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder (hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder) — persistent visual disturbances after the drug has cleared — is a recognized risk for the psychedelic class, though no 4-HO-MiPT-specific cases have been documented.
Tolerance & Dependence
Tolerance develops rapidly through 5-HT₂A downregulation, a mechanism that operates independently of β-arrestin-2.[5] In animal models, tolerance to psychedelic behavioral responses develops within 24 hours of a single exposure. Cross-tolerance between serotonergic psychedelics occurs through the same mechanism — demonstrated for DOI and LSD.[5]
Tolerance half-life is estimated at approximately 3 days, with full reset at approximately 7 days. These are community-consensus values for the psychedelic class and have not been empirically validated for 4-HO-MiPT specifically.inferred
Serotonergic psychedelics are generally considered to have low abuse potential due to rapid tolerance and the absence of dopamine-driven reward. No formal abuse liability assessment exists for 4-HO-MiPT.
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
Combining 4-HO-MiPT with tramadol carries significant serotonin syndrome risk. Tramadol blocks serotonin reuptake and has weak serotonergic agonist activity; combined with 4-HO-MiPT's 5-HT₂A agonism, the result is dangerous serotonin accumulation.[6][20]
MAO Inhibitors
MAOIs are contraindicated with tryptamine psychedelics. If monoamine oxidase contributes to 4-HO-MiPT's clearance — expected by analogy but unconfirmedsafety citation needed — MAO inhibition would block a primary metabolic pathway, causing dangerous potentiation and serotonin accumulation. This applies to pharmaceutical MAOIs (phenelzine, tranylcypromine, moclobemide), natural MAO inhibitors in ayahuasca (harmine, harmaline), and the antibiotic linezolid.
SSRIs and SNRIs
Co-administration creates dual serotonergic risk: SSRIs may blunt psychedelic effects through receptor downregulation while simultaneously increasing serotonin syndrome risk at the synaptic level. Clinical significance varies with agent and dose.
Lithium
Lithium combined with serotonergic psychedelics carries documented risk of seizures and dangerous heart rhythm changes.safety citation needed This is one of the most consistently reported dangerous combinations in psychedelic harm reduction literature.
Stimulants
Amphetamines, cocaine, and other stimulants increase cardiovascular strain and psychological disturbance risk when combined with psychedelics. No 4-HO-MiPT-specific data exist.
Contraindications
9 knownAbsolute
- Psychotic disorders: 5-HT₂A agonism can trigger or worsen psychotic episodes. This applies to schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and other primary psychotic disorders.
- Concurrent MAOI use: Risk of severe serotonin toxicity and uncontrolled potentiation.
- Concurrent lithium use: Risk of seizures and cardiac events.
Relative
- Family history of psychotic disorders: Elevated risk of psychotic decompensation relative to population baseline.
- Bipolar disorder: Risk of manic or mixed episode precipitation, even during stable periods.
- Seizure disorders: seizure threshold lowering is reported in effects databases but unverified by primary literature for this compound.safety citation needed Class-level serotonergic seizure risk exists at high doses.
- Heart conditions: Stimulant-like effects (increased heart rate and blood pressure) pose risk in individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular problems.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding: No reproductive or developmental safety data exist. Contraindicated by precautionary principle.
Harm Reduction[edit]
Forms & Identification
4-HO-MiPT circulates almost exclusively as a fumarate salt — the crystalline form characterized by Chadeayne et al.[7] and the standard on research chemical markets. The 4-hydroxy group makes the free base unstable; it oxidizes and discolors rapidly under ambient conditions.[1] If powder appears dark or discolored, oxidative degradation has likely occurred and potency may be reduced or unpredictable.
Because 4-HO-MiPT's active dose range is narrow, reagent testing confirms identity but cannot verify purity or potency. Quantitative analysis (e.g. HPLC from a drug checking service) is the only reliable way to confirm dose accuracy in unregulated material.
Guidelines
- Weigh doses with a milligram-scale balance — volumetric differences at this potency range can meaningfully alter the experience
- Start at the low end of the common range if unfamiliar with the compound; the 2.5× potency relative to psilocin means small weight differences translate to large effect differences
- Have a trusted, sober companion present, especially at doses above the common range
- Eat lightly 2–3 hours before dosing to reduce nausea without slowing absorption
- Prepare the physical space in advance — comfortable seating, temperature control, music, water, and minimal external obligations for 6+ hours
- Keep a light blanket accessible; body temperature perception may fluctuate
- Avoid redosing during onset — the fast onset can create a false sense that the dose was insufficient before full effects arrive
Set & Setting
4-HO-MiPT is strongly set- and setting-dependent — the same dose produces markedly different experiences depending on environment and psychological state. The relatively fast onset (as rapid as 10–20 minutes) leaves less time to adjust than slower-onset tryptamines. A familiar, comfortable environment with trusted company provides the strongest foundation.
The compound's erotic and sensory enhancement qualities can intensify interpersonal dynamics in ways that feel welcome or overwhelming depending on context. Planning the setting to account for this is worth explicit consideration.
Aftercare & integration. The 4–6 hour duration and body-forward character of 4-HO-MiPT often leave users physically tired but mentally clear. Allow a full day of low-demand activity after the experience. Sleep may come easily given the compound's sedative quality at higher doses.
Journaling or recording impressions within 24 hours preserves material that fades quickly. For experiences that brought up difficult emotions, confusion, or unexpected psychological content, talking with a trusted person or a therapist experienced with psychedelic integration can help process the material constructively.
Recovery & Support
Compulsive use patterns are rare with serotonergic psychedelics due to rapid tolerance and the self-limiting nature of the experience. If use is becoming frequent or is being used to avoid difficult emotions rather than explore them, this signals a pattern worth examining.
Resources for support include the Fireside Project (62-FIRESIDE / 623-473-7433), MAPS integration therapist directory, and local psychedelic peer support groups. Professional help is appropriate if psychedelic experiences have triggered persistent anxiety, depersonalization, or perceptual disturbances.
Recovery resources, crisis lines, and support pathways → View all
Emergency Response
Recognizing an emergency: Most uncomfortable 4-HO-MiPT experiences — anxiety, nausea, confusion — resolve without intervention. Seek immediate help if the person shows signs of self-harm intent, complete disconnection from reality with dangerous behavior, seizures, or sustained chest pain.
Immediate steps:
- 1. Move the person to a quiet, low-stimulation environment
- 2. Speak calmly and reassuringly — remind them what they took and that the effects are temporary
- 3. Do not physically restrain them unless they are in immediate danger of harming themselves or others
- 4. If they are vomiting, position them on their side
- 5. Call emergency services if symptoms escalate or you are unsure
What to tell the dispatcher: Name the substance (4-HO-MiPT / miprocin), estimated dose, time of ingestion, and current symptoms. Good Samaritan laws in many jurisdictions protect people who call for help during a drug-related emergency.
Legal Status[edit]
As of April 2026, 4-HO-MiPT is not specifically scheduled under most national drug control frameworks. Its legal status is governed primarily by structural analog provisions and blanket psychoactive substance bans rather than substance-specific scheduling. No international scheduling exists under UN conventions.
| Jurisdiction | Classification | Key provisions |
|---|---|---|
| United States | Unscheduled (federal) | Not listed in the Controlled Substances Act. The Federal Analogue Act may apply if sold for human consumption, as 4-HO-MiPT is a structural analog of psilocin (Schedule I). No prosecutions under the FAA for this compound have been documented.[9] |
| United Kingdom | Controlled (de facto) | Covered by the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016, which prohibits production, supply, and possession with intent to supply. Personal possession is not an offence under this act. |
| Sweden | Scheduled | Classified as a health-hazardous substance since November 1, 2005.[9] |
| Germany | Controlled | Covered under the New Psychoactive Substances Act (NpSG) since July 18, 2019, which provides blanket coverage of tryptamine derivatives. |
| Russia | Schedule I | Controlled as an analog of 4-hydroxytryptamine derivatives. |
| Canada | Not specifically scheduled | Not listed in the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act schedules. Analog provisions may apply.citation needed |
| Australia | Unconfirmed | Specific scheduling under the TGA Poisons Standard could not be confirmed. Analog drug provisions may apply.citation needed |
| Netherlands | Unscheduled | Not listed on the Opiumwet schedules. Regulated as a research chemical; not authorized for human consumption. |
Analog Act Considerations
In jurisdictions with structural analog provisions (United States, Canada, Australia), 4-HO-MiPT's clear structural relationship to psilocin — differing only in the N-alkyl substitution pattern — makes it potentially subject to prosecution under analog laws when intended for human consumption. The practical enforcement of these provisions varies by jurisdiction and has not been tested in court for this specific compound.
Frequently asked questions
What is 4-HO-MiPT?
4-HO-MiPT is a synthetic serotonergic psychedelic of the 4-hydroxytryptamine class, first synthesized in 1981 and colloquially known as miprocin. It acts as a presumed 5-HT₂A agonist approximately 2.5× more potent than psilocin by oral administration, with a total duration of 4–6 hours.
How long does 4-HO-MiPT last?
Total duration by route of administration — Oral: 4 – 6 hours. Ranges vary with dose and individual factors; see the duration table for onset, peak, and after-effect phases.
Where can I find dosage information for 4-HO-MiPT?
Psychedex publishes a dosage table for 4-HO-MiPT on this page covering these routes of administration: oral. Dose values are presented only in that table, always alongside their route of administration.
What are dangerous combinations with 4-HO-MiPT?
The highest-severity documented interactions for 4-HO-MiPT: MAOIs (Lethal), Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist (Dangerous), Dopamine agonists (Dangerous), DXM (Dangerous), GHB, Baclofen (Dangerous). See the interactions section for the full list with mechanisms and severity levels.
Is 4-HO-MiPT addictive?
Psychedex records tolerance and dependence data rather than a yes/no rating. Recorded tolerance indicators for 4-HO-MiPT: tolerance builds rapid; full reset takes 7 days; cross-tolerance develops with psilocybin, psilocin, LSD, DMT, mescaline, 4-HO-MET, 4-AcO-DMT, 4-HO-DiPT. See the article's dependence and safety sections for recorded dependence data.
experience reports
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First-person accounts of subjective effects, timing, and outcomes — submitted for harm reduction.
references
- [1]
- [2] ^Wallach J, Cao AB, Calkins MM, Heim AJ, Lanham JK, et al. (2023) Identification of 5-HT2A receptor signaling pathways associated with psychedelic potential — Nature Communications doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44016-1
- [3]
- [4] ^abcdRepke DB, Grotjahn DB, Shulgin AT (1985) Psychotomimetic N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamines. Effects of variation of aromatic oxygen substituents. — Journal of Medicinal Chemistry PMID:4009612
- [5] ^abcde la Fuente Revenga M, Jaster AM, McGinn J, Silva G, Saha S, Gonzalez-Maeso J (2022) Tolerance and Cross-Tolerance among Psychedelic and Nonpsychedelic 5-HT2A Receptor Agonists in Mice — ACS Chemical Neuroscience doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00170
- [6] ^abBaldo BA (2018) Opioid analgesic drugs and serotonin toxicity (syndrome): mechanisms, animal models, and links to clinical effects — Archives of Toxicology doi:10.1007/s00204-018-2244-6
references
- [1]
- [2] ^abWallach J, Cao AB, Calkins MM, Heim AJ, Lanham JK, et al. (2023) Identification of 5-HT2A receptor signaling pathways associated with psychedelic potential — Nature Communications doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44016-1
- [3]
- [4] ^abcdRepke DB, Grotjahn DB, Shulgin AT (1985) Psychotomimetic N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamines. Effects of variation of aromatic oxygen substituents. — Journal of Medicinal Chemistry PMID:4009612
- [5] ^abcde la Fuente Revenga M, Jaster AM, McGinn J, Silva G, Saha S, Gonzalez-Maeso J (2022) Tolerance and Cross-Tolerance among Psychedelic and Nonpsychedelic 5-HT2A Receptor Agonists in Mice — ACS Chemical Neuroscience doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00170
- [6] ^abBaldo BA (2018) Opioid analgesic drugs and serotonin toxicity (syndrome): mechanisms, animal models, and links to clinical effects — Archives of Toxicology doi:10.1007/s00204-018-2244-6