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psx:substance/tabernanthe-iboga/src/doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08239.x

src2026-09-07recordconsumed

derived from · upstream

none recorded

feeds · downstream

Closure of psx:substance/tabernanthe-iboga/src/doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08239.x: 67 upstream, 101 downstream.

psx:substance/tabernanthe-iboga/src/doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08239.x
  ├─ used  src/url:c39d789b936034d7  Tabernanthe iboga Baill. - Plants of the World Online
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1007/s12231-018-9410-x  The Cultural Importance of Plants in Western African Religions
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1111/dar.13587  Underground ibogaine use for the treatment of substance use disorders: A qualitative analysis of subjective experiences
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1038/s41591-023-02705-w  Magnesium-ibogaine therapy in veterans with traumatic brain injuries
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1038/d41586-026-01286-1  US speeds up research into mind-altering drugs - including mysterious 'ibogaine'
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1021/jacs.5c06325  Deciphering Ibogaine's Matrix Pharmacology: Multiple Transporter Modulation at Serotonin Synapses
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1002/jcph.471  Influence of CYP2D6 activity on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single 20 mg dose of ibogaine in healthy volunteers
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0333296  The Ibogaine Experience Scale (IES): Development and psychometric properties of a multidimensional measure of ibogaine's subjective effects
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1111/add.15448  Safety of ibogaine administration in detoxification of opioid-dependent individuals: a descriptive open-label observational study
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.3390/molecules20022208  The anti-addiction drug ibogaine and the heart: a delicate relation
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1038/tp.2016.71  Ibogaine and addiction in the animal model, a systematic review and meta-analysis
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1590/0101-60830000000231  An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providers
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1097/MJT.0000000000001723
  ├─ used  src/pmid:9668685  Medication development of ibogaine as a pharmacotherapy for drug dependence
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05213.x  Ibogaine: Complex Pharmacokinetics, Concerns for Safety, and Preliminary Efficacy Measures
  ├─ used  src/url:4e3f2fec66b58170  Iboga Conservation
  ├─ used  src/url:e76f25749de66015  Ibogaine Legislation - State-by-State Tracker
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1007/s00425-026-04987-z  Voacangine/coronaridine hydroxylases catalyze C19-hydroxylation in iboga alkaloid synthesis
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1007/s12012-015-9311-5  hERG Blockade by Iboga Alkaloids
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1111/add.70319  Rare but relevant: Ibogaine and cardiovascular complications-prolonged QT interval and ventricular arrhythmias
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00529  Ibogaine Detoxification Transitions Opioid and Cocaine Abusers Between Dependence and Abstinence
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1177/02698811261443674  From monotherapy to sequential models: An updated scoping review on ibogaine's role in treatment for psychiatric disorders
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01562  What We Have Gained from Ibogaine: alpha3beta4 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Inhibitors as Treatments for Substance Use Disorders
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08237.x  Mechanisms of Antiaddictive Actions of Ibogaine
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.3390/ph19030397  Indole Alkaloids as Biased Opioid Receptor Modulators
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.3390/ijms25020687  5-HT2A Receptor Knockout Mice Show Sex-Dependent Differences following Acute Noribogaine Administration
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1017/neu.2026.10059  Neurorestorative properties of ibogaine: linking multi-receptor affinities to remyelination and metabolic restoration
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.isci.2026.115121  Increased cortical thickness and decreased brain age among special operations veterans with blast TBI after a magnesium-ibogaine protocol
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1177/02698811241237873  The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ibogaine in opioid use disorder patients
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.02.001  Neural Correlates of Ibogaine: Evidence From Functional Neuroimaging of Military Veterans
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.120722  Mystical experiences during magnesium-Ibogaine are associated with improvements in PTSD symptoms in veterans
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1080/15563650.2024.2447500  A case series of ibogaine toxicity reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service (NPIS) over a 10-year period
  ├─ used  src/pmid:9348351  The olivocerebellar projection mediates ibogaine-induced degeneration of Purkinje cells
  ├─ used  src/pmid:8377927  Degeneration of Purkinje cells in parasagittal zones of the cerebellar vermis after treatment with ibogaine or harmaline
  ├─ used  src/pmid:10966515  A dose-response study of ibogaine-induced neuropathology in the rat cerebellum
  ├─ used  src/pmid:8930373  Ibogaine neurotoxicity: a re-evaluation
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1080/02791072.2019.1598603  Ibogaine and Subjective Experience: Transformative States and Psychopharmacotherapy in the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108717  A systematic literature review of clinical trials and therapeutic applications of ibogaine
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1097/ADM.0000000000001645
  ├─ used  src/doi:10.1007/s00406-023-01590-1  Identifying setting factors associated with improved ibogaine safety: a systematic review of clinical studies
  ├─ derived_from  gen/1891318e-1b64-482f-82c2-a478d483ea1f  Generation — pipeline-v5
  ├─ generated_by  pub/dd4377ae-d81a-4031-aecb-486361c52b94  Publication — backfill
    ├─ used  search/3a3703ff-c499-4068-9318-8f4427fb0603  Searched PubMed for "Tabernanthe iboga alkaloids ibogaine pharmacology"
    ├─ used  search/61578470-74ca-4441-905a-c866a44187be  Searched PubMed for "Tabernanthe iboga ethnobotany traditional use Africa"
    ├─ used  search/8def44e6-0867-4808-929c-895202920e90  Searched OpenAlex for "Tabernanthe iboga ibogaine"
    ├─ used  search/0ef8a532-a100-4041-ac5b-71170cc0a7ff  Searched PubMed for "ibogaine cardiac toxicity QT prolongation fatalities"
    ├─ used  search/2219e23c-3df9-42c1-af05-af7e78249cee  Searched PubMed for "ibogaine pharmacokinetics noribogaine CYP2D6 metabolism"
    ├─ used  search/d0d2a961-724a-4d79-9909-9ce5d902c04a  Searched PubChem for "ibogaine"
    ├─ used  search/efdd13cc-7410-490f-ba70-914dbd24be9b  Searched PubChem for "noribogaine"
    ├─ used  search/8f1b36cb-d226-46dd-b8df-fde20e22a5bf  Searched PubMed for "ibogaine neurotoxicity Purkinje cells cerebellar degeneration"
    ├─ used  search/e72d5175-40a5-4fa6-8030-b9c4ee0bed11  Searched PubMed for "ibogaine opioid addiction treatment clinical study"
    ├─ used  search/ef6473a9-efa6-4d32-99f7-db6d9697ffbf  Searched PubMed for "ibogaine PTSD traumatic brain injury veterans Stanford"
    ├─ used  search/368f36d4-a12a-4846-a903-851f9f32ae3b  Searched WebSearch for "ibogaine legal status Schedule I DEA United States 2025 2026"
    ├─ used  search/f9793a12-9fae-4d03-a732-d51b7d997e9a  Searched WebFetch
    ├─ used  search/f09095b4-e4f2-4031-9e3f-aa78747b2797  Searched PubChem for "tabernanthine"
    ├─ used  search/45ffd21a-118a-445f-bc77-ef48c7557231  Searched PubChem for "ibogamine"
    ├─ used  search/a5ef27a9-11fd-4ed4-99d1-ad20bfc95410  Searched WebSearch for "Tabernanthe iboga IUCN conservation status endangered overcollection Gabon"
    ├─ used  search/a0d86f12-d3be-4102-89d7-f628b6d78228  Searched OpenAlex for "Tabernanthe iboga ethnobotany Bwiti Africa traditional use"
    ├─ used  search/7dad5826-2f75-4874-ba79-330b795d93d2  Searched WebFetch
    ├─ used  search/c5e47a91-1f6c-47bd-b9bb-2cc7585ed689  Searched PubMed for "ibogaine (broad search)"
    ├─ used  search/8617ca8d-d1f0-4a3d-824f-f45afe466031  Searched OpenAlex for "ibogaine cardiac toxicity safety death fatalities"
    ├─ used  search/497994ba-f269-4d17-b8c0-e67f2376b760  Searched ClinicalTrials.gov for "ibogaine addiction opioid treatment"
    ├─ used  search/980f1770-68ab-43a1-9494-0388dca8ad26  Searched PubMed for "ibogaine detection urine plasma drug screening"
    ├─ used  search/e5c02837-4a55-44ea-b687-219d00f6578c  Searched Multiple for "Ibogaine dose ranges from clinical studies"
    ├─ used  search/2a1807d5-a5ee-447f-b560-75cf74814710  Searched Multiple API sources for "Ibogaine alkaloid profile, pharmacokinetics, mechanism synthesis"
    ├─ used  search/33ff9193-8030-4a95-a246-fdccce440768  Searched Multiple API sources for "Legal status and conservation synthesis"
    └─ used  search/8e065e5f-6379-448f-8bc5-56e1c5eae759  Searched Knuijver et al. 2022 for "QTc clinical data ibogaine safety"
├─ used  version/2  Revision 2
├─ used  claim/d7455972-0ca0-42fa-a4b6-39d589487c0b  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
├─ used  claim/e79fc77c-5da5-42cc-9da6-dd0483bffe9d  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
├─ used  claim/95731cbf-f855-47fb-a9a4-49917b5af4e3  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
  ├─ derived_from  issue/notice@4488f8231add  Issued notice
  ├─ derived_from  issue/info_card@2f9bbf0cd566  Issued info_card
  ├─ derived_from  issue/emergency@777b5863d801  Issued emergency
  ├─ derived_from  issue/info_card@25ae16539d25  Issued info_card
  ├─ informed_by  section/neuroscience.full@2
    ├─ used  claim/97e67b8b-cc1a-4649-bc6d-6ec13c85befe  Claim in summary — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/6977ad59-2e95-4609-ba36-f35c072a5c88  Claim in history — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/3de4b72d-50b6-4709-86de-033f59c88707  Claim in preparations — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/904281e5-2f0d-4429-815d-ecf8e5e8333d  Claim in summary — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/a2b91df8-8e71-4f1b-911b-8f7637a89eb0  Claim in history — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/a8abd30a-b593-4e09-a443-587391d6b300  Claim in summary — supported
    ├─ used  claim/4c0b97e5-b063-4c35-aaab-850ec38619cd  Claim in history — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/c01cec44-976c-4d39-90ce-2fe1abe726cb  Claim in preparations — supported
    ├─ used  claim/74085b37-36d9-4b2e-8588-a25307c38042  Claim in summary — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/fb93b5cc-e48d-4f2b-a996-8ec856335336  Claim in summary — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/98e33393-2ed8-4fe2-acb6-f3771d33f019  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/1cdf553e-9dcc-4f1c-bac0-0f3ffd211d34  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/58ef6025-18ee-4520-9edc-6cdd2d4e2482  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/de2ca043-615c-4afb-85d8-e40fb0c0a25c  Claim in summary — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/5a052111-4b85-4eb4-93b0-444cbbc70104  Claim in summary — supported
    ├─ used  claim/189d2629-a501-4531-a623-26bc022d3976  Claim in alkaloid-profile — supported
    ├─ used  claim/b034e0f0-c0ea-4f89-b663-baaa12933081  Claim in preparations — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/0156f5b6-c666-4e2b-8fe1-373ed8bd621f  Claim in neuroscience — supported
    ├─ used  claim/e3c6ff74-3058-4005-aa0f-685e913b1fb9  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/3738c381-40ab-4ff8-ab70-ae5d3960934c  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/8b842fd8-b6d4-43de-876c-8129acb727e2  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/26f69ead-6b2f-4735-a4a8-bbaecf3bb133  Claim in summary — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/73035523-3c44-4ff8-8217-486fb3dad4f1  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/aeaf7452-61a0-4871-b12c-7d11dc37d1c5  Claim in summary — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/8b4d4ea0-e47c-4a96-b60d-fb49d9d96e4a  Claim in summary — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/f38d5e1b-f701-4123-92c5-5121590aacaf  Claim in preparations — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/0594dca8-07c5-4ae7-82f3-d03c48c92e59  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/9ba0e113-872f-4326-8cdf-fc893b9b971d  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/f82d54a5-97a2-4439-8b85-4ba4e5decf4c  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/1b5a182d-e5e4-4a2c-8b04-af7f559b1ea3  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/e1bb8577-b4c9-497d-af8b-baa74a8ba5bf  Claim in summary — supported
    ├─ used  claim/3defd806-e1b2-49d5-a00e-3872ebda7640  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/dafb7d01-ece2-422a-8dfe-522fca42cb65  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/cfd4a313-3091-49de-8f3d-8d5e2a2dcafe  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/1a76e3ab-a1ee-429a-8f81-423bd215774b  Claim in summary — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/a0ac5454-5766-429a-b16e-5ff7f8e00088  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/fc97ffbe-aacc-480e-be75-85aad9dae129  Claim in summary — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/fa0f8087-c68a-46c3-9606-4500d7ac1713  Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/08b19f76-0b83-45d9-91de-d0f6d0249e83  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/5ad9599b-f20b-4bdc-9679-c85ea09ab552  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/326d74d6-8c02-4ae2-9d83-a9399cc19099  Claim in botanical-overview — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/289f7495-cf4b-4a35-abf8-aa5ecff513ff  Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/331db55f-a7c9-404c-a6de-2b84a0b96754  Claim in preparations — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/f095b678-c1b2-4610-aa2b-ec52e4569048  Claim in preparations — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/eeb49930-74be-499a-8acb-6fb4914d7ca8  Claim in history — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/9ba2e3e1-7fb9-43f7-82a3-bf55248b40be  Claim in history — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/caff91f1-eeab-44e8-b98f-d580241c04e1  Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/96f6f1a7-dcd3-48a2-af82-115980b20a77  Claim in preparations — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/ab073f4d-59cb-4eab-a881-d69e30c4bc35  Claim in history — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/27b62939-756f-464f-96f4-afe5f0aa7be5  Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/817b9a7b-1a15-426d-8ebb-968628728e42  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/39aecb5a-1b5d-4172-9b30-daa8ee907ccd  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/592a601b-30e1-4a64-aa41-0e5d0847b73d  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/2646f617-4d61-46d0-9375-56d6d5c7fc5a  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/9aef01ba-597a-4bd0-b322-66a414384c12  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/4d5df392-bdea-4286-8ad0-3cb6bd851039  Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/d3d698b3-adc0-4a2f-8ede-e0b7af91b030  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/99f66595-0891-49bf-86bc-0bc91de0e149  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/edd18638-8317-4564-900e-358396dcdbab  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/0be67bbe-5b36-4b5c-a030-67fca2a3f388  Claim in preparations — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/918b5c3c-3de5-43e2-8288-24c32b83f081  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/3c28ea42-91fa-4c42-b1f6-6a9a254409ae  Claim in preparations — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/fe93606d-e640-458f-8c07-826345a384b4  Claim in neuroscience — supported
    ├─ used  claim/0d9d50c3-ffe0-4b35-9ec4-5bf7b3197307  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/f00b66a7-add1-4033-ba2b-8249117c5b42  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/b925766e-95c7-4611-94fb-dadb9388b699  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/92c86296-0440-4bc4-b687-aee82af9bfbd  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/7f2e936b-fa0d-41f5-9a85-0cfe1227b7ee  Claim in neuroscience — supported
    ├─ used  claim/d421fb3c-5f18-4c08-9d6a-f907e8440277  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/2bec7a15-6873-4096-ab7d-85982e84c915  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/0ab3b361-1023-46a9-9494-6c17edaecff7  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/88709f2f-7b21-470e-a3dc-496fb22efa4a  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/b5b59230-c4e6-478d-b8ca-dd4022d5ae3a  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/46f30932-0207-4a94-9128-1d78b5d800ff  Claim in neuroscience — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/50e7d5ac-1272-433e-93e3-3b5a4b07fe9c  Claim in neuroscience — partially_supported
    ├─ used  claim/2d0d0064-e3fd-4702-b379-6220aebe25f5  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/18bf8233-9927-4a41-b286-a422fb5abfb8  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/eb9400a1-6318-488a-a8ef-5b64a95e512b  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/cd42f56a-863e-4787-a2d2-2c482e991b11  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/610b4036-9253-4263-b5b3-1961bd8fe514  Claim in safety — supported
    ├─ used  claim/279b8799-3cd4-4fd7-b371-9a9c3401474b  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/f9c02be8-30fd-446d-9e88-b5127ee4db7a  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/81b8234a-aacc-4e9d-bc60-ebd7e78f7390  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/813c6823-1a91-44a9-8f37-e954937cc490  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/01cadbf5-2bc8-40c8-b22d-538225723e38  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
    ├─ used  claim/81be5d39-96ee-42e0-ab08-ed4e53b992b2  Claim in safety — inconclusive  working
      ├─ informed_by  section/summary.full@2
      ├─ informed_by  section/history.full@2
      ├─ informed_by  section/preparations.full@2
      ├─ informed_by  section/safety.full@2
      ├─ informed_by  section/alkaloid-profile.full@2
      └─ informed_by  section/botanical-overview.full@2

indented by distance from this node, not by parentage

1Provenance card

the boundary, as counts

Sources

4233 with DOI

4 strong · 33 moderate · 5 weak

Compilations

12026-05-14T10:29:32.324Z

pipeline-v5 · prompt hash not recorded — run predates 2026-09

Decisions

23last ruled 2026-06-04

0 awaiting a ruling

Issued documents

42026-10-19T20:34:05.654Z

notice · info card · emergency

Searches

250 with no results

queries and counts on the build

Claims checked

8921 supported

21 supported · 68 not

Correspondence

0received

consent field ships in Phase 4

Edges

278

derivations recorded for this entity

Complete over 42 sources, 1 compilation, and 23 decisions.Not here: the private journal (never).Working material — drafts, discards, unsupported claims — is listed below and readable on the working page.Cite: psychedex.org/substances/tabernanthe-iboga/archive

2Build

one panel per compilation run

generation run 2026-05-14

97 min completedmodel pipeline-v5plan not recordedrun/8da9773d…

research

citationsRegistryrecordresearchOutputworking

draft

articleDraftworking

audit

articleAuditedworking

verify

verificationResultworking

simplify

articleSimplifiedworking

publish

runMetarecordrunSummaryrecord

Selection

results seen164
selected by the model80
consumed as sources41

Verification

claims checked89
supported20
partially supported1
not supported0
inconclusive68
  • record
  • seen / partial
  • working

The model's own caveats

1 further caveat recorded as free text — readable on the working page

Reproduce

inputs
41 source keys (listed under Sources)
plan
not recorded — template version, prompt hash and git SHA are written from 2026-09 onward
model
pipeline-v5
streams
none — agent transcripts are persisted from 2026-09 onward
25 searches — query, source, results, what was kept and why
25 searches for this run
#sourcequeryseenkeptrationale
1PubMedibogaine cardiac toxicity QT prolongation fatalities54All are highly relevant to safety section on cardiac toxicity. hERG blockade paper provides mechanistic data. NPIS paper provides UK case series.
2PubMedibogaine pharmacokinetics noribogaine CYP2D6 metabolism43All selected for pharmacokinetics section. Glue 2015 is the only controlled human PK study at low dose with paroxetine inhibition paradigm.
3PubMedTabernanthe iboga alkaloids ibogaine pharmacology1510Selected papers most directly addressing ibogaine pharmacology, clinical use, safety, and effects. Discarded Tabernaemontana arborea alkaloid papers and unrelated bisindole studies.
4PubMedTabernanthe iboga ethnobotany traditional use Africa41Only PMID 8145572 is relevant as background on African Apocynaceae traditional uses. Main iboga ethnobotany requires targeted searches.
5OpenAlexTabernanthe iboga ibogaine156Selected landmark citation-rich papers on ibogaine GDNF mechanism, neurotoxicity, pharmacokinetics, and foundational alkaloid chemistry. Discarded general psychedelic paradigm papers and unrelated substance P paper.
6PubMedibogaine neurotoxicity Purkinje cells cerebellar degeneration85Core neurotoxicology papers establishing mechanisms and dose thresholds. Important for safety section.
7PubChemibogaine11Primary alkaloid chemical identity confirmed.
8PubChemnoribogaine11Primary metabolite chemical identity confirmed.
9WebSearchibogaine legal status Schedule I DEA United States 2025 2026103Legal status data from advocacy tracker and news sources.
10PubChemibogamine11Confirms ibogamine chemical identity.
11WebFetch—11Comprehensive US state legal status data.
12OpenAlexTabernanthe iboga ethnobotany Bwiti Africa traditional use103Critical alkaloid quantification data and Bwiti ethnobotany sources.
13WebSearchTabernanthe iboga IUCN conservation status endangered overcollection Gabon102Conservation and legal harvest context.
14PubMedibogaine (broad search)1510All highly relevant - neuroscience mechanisms, newer therapeutic applications, safety considerations.
15PubMedibogaine opioid addiction treatment clinical study124Key clinical efficacy and safety studies selected.
16PubMedibogaine PTSD traumatic brain injury veterans Stanford32Both directly relevant to newer TBI/PTSD indications.
17PubChemtabernanthine11Confirms tabernanthine chemical identity.
18WebFetch—11Primary authoritative taxonomy source.
19ClinicalTrials.govibogaine addiction opioid treatment23All relevant clinical trials identified.
20OpenAlexibogaine cardiac toxicity safety death fatalities83Added meta-analysis and systematic review of clinical trials.
21PubMedibogaine detection urine plasma drug screening11Only relevant detection paper found.
22MultipleIbogaine dose ranges from clinical studies54Dose data triangulated across multiple clinical sources.
23Multiple API sourcesIbogaine alkaloid profile, pharmacokinetics, mechanism synthesis203Core pharmacological data for research output.
24Multiple API sourcesLegal status and conservation synthesis104Legal status section data.
25Knuijver et al. 2022QTc clinical data ibogaine safety13Most comprehensive clinical safety data point.
89 claims by section — every cited sentence, checked against its source
safety37 · 12 ok

  • Ibogaine and noribogaine block the hERG potassium channel (I_Kr), which governs cardiac repolarizationsupported

    hERG IC50: ibogaine (semisynthesis) 4.09 µM, ibogaine (extraction) 3.53 µM, noribogaine 2.86 µM. s12012-015-9311-5

  • Published IC₅₀ values for hERG blockade are: ibogaine 3.53 μM, noribogaine 2.86 μM, and voacangine 2.25 μMsupported

    hERG IC50: ibogaine (extraction) 3.53 µM, noribogaine 2.86 µM, voacangine 2.25 µM. s12012-015-9311-5

  • By comparison, 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC), an experimental safer structural-analog, shows IC₅₀ greater than 50 μM.supported

    18-MC IC50 >50 µM. s12012-015-9311-5

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Fatal cardiac arrhythmias attributed to ibogaine have been reported, with deaths primarily occurring in unsupervised settings where continuous cardiac monitoring was absentsupported

    life-threatening complications and sudden death cases accumulating. Ibogaine propensity to induce cardiac arrhythmias. molecules20022208

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • In rats, ibogaine causes indirect (trans-synaptic) excitotoxic degeneration of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar vermis via activation of the olivocerebellar projectionsupported

    Inferior olive ablation prevents ibogaine-induced Purkinje cell degeneration. Ibogaine activates inferior olivary neurons causing glutamate release at climbing fibers — indirect excitotoxic mechanism. pmid:9348351

  • In rats, ibogaine causes indirect (trans-synaptic) excitotoxic degeneration of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar vermis via activation of the olivocerebellar projectionsupported

    Both ibogaine and harmaline caused selective degeneration of Purkinje cells in rat cerebellar vermis. Mechanism: sustained activation of inferior olivary neurons leading to excitotoxic damage via climbing fiber glutamate. pmid:8377927

  • Dose-response studies established 100 mg/kg (i.p.) as consistently neurotoxic and 25 mg/kg as the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL)supported

    Purkinje cell degeneration at 75-100 mg/kg (rats). NOAEL 25 mg/kg. pmid:10966515

  • At 40 mg/kg — within the anti-addictive dose range in rodents — ibogaine did not cause Purkinje cell degeneration, suggesting that anti-addictive and neurotoxic properties may be dissociable at the dose level.supported

    40 mg/kg ibogaine (anti-addictive dose) produced no Purkinje cell degeneration. High doses (100 mg/kg) caused degeneration in lateral/intermediate cerebellum. pmid:8930373

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • In a controlled human pharmacokinetic study, pretreatment with paroxetine (a potent cyp2d6 inhibitor) substantially elevated ibogaine AUC, with a strong correlation (r = 0.82) between CYP2D6 phenotype and ibogaine exposuresupported

    Paroxetine doubles active moiety exposure. CYP2D6 phenotype correlated with ibogaine AUC r=0.82. jcph.471

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Any history of QT prolongation, cardiac arrhythmia, structural heart disease, or heart failure precludes ibogaine administration due to the established hERG blockade mechanism.supported

    hERG IC50: ibogaine (extraction) 3.53 µM, noribogaine 2.86 µM. Voltage-dependent low-affinity blockade. s12012-015-9311-5

  • Any history of QT prolongation, cardiac arrhythmia, structural heart disease, or heart failure precludes ibogaine administration due to the established hERG blockade mechanism.supported

    Ibogaine treatment of OUD patients induces clinically relevant but reversible QTc prolongation, bradycardia, and severe ataxia. add.15448

  • Individuals with reduced CYP2D6 activity experience approximately double the active moiety exposure, substantially increasing cardiac and neurological adverse event risksupported

    Paroxetine doubles active moiety exposure. Genotyping recommended before ibogaine treatment. jcph.471

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

neuroscience17 · 4 ok

  • NMDA antagonism: Attenuates opioid and stimulant withdrawal through glutamatergic normalizationsupported

    Ibogaine and noribogaine bind kappa opioid and NMDA receptors and serotonin uptake sites. j.1749-6632.1998.tb08237.x

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • In a controlled study of a single 20 mg dose in 21 healthy volunteers, CYP2D6 activity correlated strongly with ibogaine exposure (r = 0.82)supported

    CYP2D6 phenotype correlated with ibogaine AUC r=0.82. jcph.471

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Multiple converging pathways have been identified:supported

    Ibogaine and noribogaine bind kappa opioid and NMDA receptors and serotonin uptake sites; ibogaine also sigma-2 and nicotinic receptors. j.1749-6632.1998.tb08237.x

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Mystical experience intensity during the ibogaine session predicted both PTSD symptom improvement and EEG changes.partially supported

    Greater mystical experiences during ibogaine associated with larger PTSD reductions immediately and 1 month post-treatment. MEQ30 by time interaction significant. j.jad.2025.120722

summary13 · 3 ok

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • The 2024 MISTIC trial demonstrated large effect sizes for PTSD and traumatic brain injury in veterans, and a 2026 US executive order directed accelerated regulatory review — though ibogaine remains Schedule I at the US federal level.supported

    MISTIC: 30 male SOF veterans with TBI. Significant improvements in functioning, PTSD, depression, anxiety at 1 month. No SAEs. Magnesium co-administration. s41591-023-02705-w

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Fatal arrhythmias have been reported, predominantly in unsupervised settingssupported

    life-threatening complications and sudden death cases accumulating. Ibogaine propensity to induce cardiac arrhythmias. molecules20022208

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • CYP2D6 poor metabolizers face approximately double the active moiety exposure, making pharmacogenomic screening a prerequisite for safe administrationsupported

    Paroxetine doubles active moiety exposure. Genotyping recommended before ibogaine treatment. jcph.471

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

preparations9 · 1 ok

  • Claim in preparations — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in preparations — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in preparations — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in preparations — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in preparations — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • The MISTIC study (NCT04313712) administered ibogaine with magnesium co-supplementation as a cardiac risk mitigation strategy in 30 male special operations veterans with traumatic brain injurysupported

    MISTIC: 30 male SOF veterans with TBI. No SAEs. Magnesium co-administration. NCT04313712. s41591-023-02705-w

  • Claim in preparations — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in preparations — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in preparations — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

alkaloid-profile6 · 1 ok

  • Noribogaine (12-hydroxyibogamine; C₁₉H₂₄N₂O; MW 296.4 g/mol) is formed in vivo by cyp2d6-mediated O-demethylation of ibogainesupported

    CYP2D6 mediates conversion of ibogaine to noribogaine. jcph.471

  • Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

history6 · 0 ok

  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

botanical-overview1 · 0 ok

  • Claim in botanical-overview — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

3Sources

41 consumed · sorted by year · feeds = sections resting on it

Sources 1 to 30
yearsourcetierstatusfeeds
2026Deciphering Ibogaine's Matrix Pharmacology: Multiple Transporter Modulation at Serotonin SynapsesHwu C et al., Sames D · Journal of the American Chemical Societydoi:10.1021/jacs.5c06325moderateconsumed3 sections
2026From monotherapy to sequential models: An updated scoping review on ibogaine's role in treatment for psychiatric disordersSharma P et al., Matthews DB · Journal of psychopharmacologydoi:10.1177/02698811261443674strongconsumed1 section
2026Ibogaine for Opioid Use Disorder: An Unrecognized RiskTerasaki D, Sackett N, Monte A · Journal of addiction medicinedoi:10.1097/adm.0000000000001645moderateconsumedcited only
2026Ibogaine Legislation - State-by-State TrackerAmericans for Ibogaineurl:e76f25749de66015weakconsumedcited only
2026Increased cortical thickness and decreased brain age among special operations veterans with blast TBI after a magnesium-ibogaine protocolGeoly AD et al., Williams NR · iSciencedoi:10.1016/j.isci.2026.115121moderateconsumed2 sections
2026Indole Alkaloids as Biased Opioid Receptor ModulatorsGrundmann O, Henderson A · Pharmaceuticalsdoi:10.3390/ph19030397moderateconsumedcited only
2026Mystical experiences during magnesium-Ibogaine are associated with improvements in PTSD symptoms in veteransBrown RE, Lissemore JI, Shinozuka KF, et al. · Journal of affective disordersdoi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.120722moderateconsumed1 section
2026Neural Correlates of Ibogaine: Evidence From Functional Neuroimaging of Military VeteransSridhar M et al., Williams NR · Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimagingdoi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.02.001moderateconsumedcited only
2026Neurorestorative properties of ibogaine: linking multi-receptor affinities to remyelination and metabolic restorationCalvey T et al., Shoptaw S · Acta neuropsychiatricadoi:10.1017/neu.2026.10059moderateconsumed1 section
2026Rare but relevant: Ibogaine and cardiovascular complications-prolonged QT interval and ventricular arrhythmiasBrunt TM · Addictiondoi:10.1111/add.70319moderateconsumed1 section
2026US speeds up research into mind-altering drugs - including mysterious 'ibogaine'Kozlov M · Naturedoi:10.1038/d41586-026-01286-1moderateconsumed1 section
2026Voacangine/coronaridine hydroxylases catalyze C19-hydroxylation in iboga alkaloid synthesisLopez-Vazquez AL et al., Courdavault V · Plantadoi:10.1007/s00425-026-04987-zmoderateconsumed1 section
2025A case series of ibogaine toxicity reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service (NPIS) over a 10-year periodEdwards EP et al., Coulson JM · Clinical toxicologydoi:10.1080/15563650.2024.2447500weakconsumed1 section
2025The Ibogaine Experience Scale (IES): Development and psychometric properties of a multidimensional measure of ibogaine's subjective effectsGonzález Espejito F et al., Bouso JC · PloS onedoi:10.1371/journal.pone.0333296moderateconsumed2 sections
20245-HT2A Receptor Knockout Mice Show Sex-Dependent Differences following Acute Noribogaine AdministrationVillalba S et al., Bisagno V · International journal of molecular sciencesdoi:10.3390/ijms25020687moderateconsumed1 section
2024Magnesium-ibogaine therapy in veterans with traumatic brain injuriesCherian KN, Keynan JN, Anker L, et al. · Nature medicinedoi:10.1038/s41591-023-02705-wmoderateconsumed3 sections
2024Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians-IbogaineCherian K, Shinozuka K, Tabaac BJ, et al. · American journal of therapeuticsdoi:10.1097/mjt.0000000000001723moderateconsumedcited only
2024Tabernanthe iboga Baill. - Plants of the World OnlineRoyal Botanic Gardens Kewurl:c39d789b936034d7weakconsumedcited only
2024The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ibogaine in opioid use disorder patientsKnuijver T, Ter Heine R, Schellekens AFA, et al. · Journal of psychopharmacologydoi:10.1177/02698811241237873moderateconsumed1 section
2023Iboga ConservationChacruna Instituteurl:4e3f2fec66b58170weakconsumedcited only
2023Identifying setting factors associated with improved ibogaine safety: a systematic review of clinical studiesRocha JM et al., Dos Santos RG · European archives of psychiatry and clinical neurosciencedoi:10.1007/s00406-023-01590-1strongconsumed1 section
2023Underground ibogaine use for the treatment of substance use disorders: A qualitative analysis of subjective experiencesRodríguez-Cano BJ et al., Bouso JC · Drug and alcohol reviewdoi:10.1111/dar.13587moderateconsumed2 sections
2023What We Have Gained from Ibogaine: alpha3beta4 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Inhibitors as Treatments for Substance Use DisordersStraub CJ et al., Riley AP · Journal of medicinal chemistrydoi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01562moderateconsumedcited only
2022A systematic literature review of clinical trials and therapeutic applications of ibogaineKöck P, Froelich K, Walter M, Lang U, Dürsteler KM · Journal of substance abuse treatmentdoi:10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108717strongconsumed1 section
2022Safety of ibogaine administration in detoxification of opioid-dependent individuals: a descriptive open-label observational studyKnuijver T, Schellekens A, Belgers M, Donders R, van Oosteren T, Kramers K, Verkes R · Addictiondoi:10.1111/add.15448moderateconsumed3 sections
2020An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providersBouso JC et al., Jenks C · Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (Sao Paulo)doi:10.1590/0101-60830000000231moderateconsumed5 sections
2019Ibogaine and Subjective Experience: Transformative States and Psychopharmacotherapy in the Treatment of Opioid Use DisorderBrown TK, Noller GE, Denenberg JO · Journal of psychoactive drugsdoi:10.1080/02791072.2019.1598603moderateconsumed1 section
2018Ibogaine Detoxification Transitions Opioid and Cocaine Abusers Between Dependence and AbstinenceMash DC, Duque L, Page B, Allen-Ferdinand K · Frontiers in pharmacologydoi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00529moderateconsumed2 sections
2018The Cultural Importance of Plants in Western African ReligionsQuiroz D, van Andel T · Economic Botanydoi:10.1007/s12231-018-9410-xmoderateconsumed3 sections
2016hERG Blockade by Iboga AlkaloidsAlper K, Bai R, Liu N, Fowler SJ, Huang XP, Priori SG, Ruan Y · Cardiovascular toxicologydoi:10.1007/s12012-015-9311-5moderateconsumed2 sections
Show all 42 sources — 12 more
Sources 31 to 42
yearsourcetierstatusfeeds
2016Ibogaine and addiction in the animal model, a systematic review and meta-analysisBelgers M, Leenaars M, Homberg JR, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Schellekens AF, Hooijmans CR · Translational psychiatrydoi:10.1038/tp.2016.71strongconsumed2 sections
2015Influence of CYP2D6 activity on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single 20 mg dose of ibogaine in healthy volunteersGlue P, Winter H, Garbe K, Jakobi H, Lyudin A, Lenagh-Glue Z, Hung CT · Journal of clinical pharmacologydoi:10.1002/jcph.471moderateconsumed5 sections
2015The anti-addiction drug ibogaine and the heart: a delicate relationKoenig X, Hilber K · Moleculesdoi:10.3390/molecules20022208moderateconsumed2 sections
2000A dose-response study of ibogaine-induced neuropathology in the rat cerebellumXu Z, Chang LW, Slikker W, Ali SF, Rountree RL, Scallet AC · Toxicological sciencespmid:10966515moderateconsumed1 section
2000Ibogaine: Complex Pharmacokinetics, Concerns for Safety, and Preliminary Efficacy MeasuresMash DC et al. · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesdoi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05213.xmoderateconsumedcited only
1998Effect of Ibogaine on the Various Sites of the NMDA Receptor Complex and Sigma Binding Sites in Rat BrainItzhak Y, Ali SF · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesdoi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08239.xmoderateconsumed1 section
1998Mechanisms of Antiaddictive Actions of IbogaineGlick SD, Maisonneuve IM · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesdoi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08237.xmoderateconsumed2 sections
1998Medication development of ibogaine as a pharmacotherapy for drug dependenceMash DC et al. · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencespmid:9668685moderateconsumed1 section
1997The olivocerebellar projection mediates ibogaine-induced degeneration of Purkinje cellsO'Hearn E, Molliver ME · The Journal of neurosciencepmid:9348351moderateconsumed1 section
1996Ibogaine neurotoxicity: a re-evaluationMolinari HH, Maisonneuve IM, Glick SD · Brain researchpmid:8930373moderateconsumed1 section
1993Degeneration of Purkinje cells in parasagittal zones of the cerebellar vermis after treatment with ibogaine or harmalineO'Hearn E, Molliver ME · Neurosciencepmid:8377927moderateconsumed1 section
—Ibogaine: Legal Status by Country (2026 Guide)url:8de1ba2642eeea91—unknowncited only

4Docket

one filing per activity — decisions, correspondence, reports

  1. 0012026-03-17importImported from Curiosity v1

    imported 2026-03; original sourcing not recoverable

    psx:substance/tabernanthe-iboga/import/curiosity-v1
  2. 0022026-03-17publicationPublication — backfill
    psx:substance/tabernanthe-iboga/pub/a3d5f5d8-e8ff-4ca7-8414-0c285c1e5a38
  3. 0032026-03-17revisionRevision 1

    no edit summary recorded

    psx:substance/tabernanthe-iboga/version/1
  4. 0042026-05-14revisionRevision 2

    Initial LLM generation (plant pipeline v1, wiki, prose phase)

    psx:substance/tabernanthe-iboga/version/2
  5. 0052026-06-04proposal18 value proposals approved together

    one review action inferred from a shared reviewer and instant — the graph records one activity per proposal

    18 items in this filing

    • contraindication · metabolic
    • contraindication · cardiovascular
    • contraindication · hepatic
    • contraindication · psychiatric
    • contraindication · pregnancy_breastfeeding
    • contraindication · other
    • contraindication · metabolic
    • contraindication · age
    • dose_tier · threshold
    • dose_tier · light
    • dose_tier · common
    • dose_tier · strong
    • dose_tier · heavy
    • toxicity
    • dependence · full
    • withdrawal
    • tolerance
    psx:substance/tabernanthe-iboga/proposal/contraindication/3c9fe263-b5c6-4738-b595-d7a69bfd8078
  6. 0062026-06-04publicationPublication — backfill
    psx:substance/tabernanthe-iboga/pub/dd4377ae-d81a-4031-aecb-486361c52b94

5Issued documents

what the notice, info card and emergency page said, by hash

Issued documents
documentcontent hashissuedfrom versionsuperseded
info_card25ae16539d251ab003faa445…2026-10-19 20:34Revision 2current
emergency777b5863d801327b008f5610…2026-09-04 04:32Revision 2current
info_card2f9bbf0cd566ee8e2f80e8ef…2026-09-04 04:32Revision 2superseded2026-10-19
notice4488f8231add0e05550e5524…2026-09-04 04:32Revision 2current