generation run 2026-05-14
57 min completedmodel pipeline-v5plan not recordedrun/4f82a52f…Selection
Verification
- record
- seen / partial
- working
The model's own caveats
- safety_data_unverified
- sparse_evidence
- contradictory_sources
- structural_inference
- contaminant_data_absent
Reproduce
- inputs
- 20 source keys (listed under Sources)
- plan
- not recorded — template version, prompt hash and git SHA are written from 2026-09 onward
- model
- pipeline-v5
- streams
- none — agent transcripts are persisted from 2026-09 onward
17 searches — query, source, results, what was kept and why
| # | source | query | seen | kept | rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | WebSearch | Ipomoea tricolor violacea taxonomy accepted species POWO synonym morning glory | 10 | 1 | Critical taxonomic clarification affecting the substance identity |
| 2 | OpenAlex | morning glory Ipomoea ergine lysergic acid amide psychoactive | 10 | 5 | Directly relevant to morning glory alkaloid chemistry, quantification, and pharmacology |
| 3 | WebSearch | LSA ergine Schedule III DEA Controlled Substances Act legal status United States | 10 | 1 | Legal status verification |
| 4 | PubChem | ergine / lysergic acid amide | 1 | 3 | Chemical identity verification of primary alkaloids |
| 5 | PubMed | Ipomoea violacea ergot alkaloids | 6 | 4 | Core papers on alkaloid characterization and recreational use |
| 6 | PubMed | Periglandula Convolvulaceae ergot alkaloids symbiosis fungal | 9 | 5 | Established that ergot alkaloids in morning glories come from heritable Periglandula fungal endosymbionts |
| 7 | PubMed | Argyreia nervosa Hawaiian baby woodrose LSA toxicology adverse | 2 | 2 | Critical safety data for LSA from closely related Convolvulaceae - A. nervosa contains same alkaloid |
| 8 | WebSearch | Ipomoea tricolor pesticide treated commercial ornamental seeds | 10 | 1 | Key harm reduction concern for commercial seed ingestion |
| 9 | WebSearch | Albert Hofmann ololiuqui morning glory 1960 discovery history | 10 | 1 | Historical context for morning glory research |
| 10 | Erowid | morning glory legal status | 1 | 1 | Authoritative harm reduction database on legal status |
| 11 | ClinicalTrials.gov · absence | morning glory LSA ergine lysergic acid amide | 0 | 0 | Confirmed absence of clinical trial data |
| 12 | Crossref via verify_doi | DOI verification for Meira et al. 2012 and Mercurio et al. 2017 | 2 | 2 | DOI verification for key alkaloid quantification papers |
| 13 | DrugWise.org.uk | morning glory seeds UK harm reduction | 1 | 2 | UK harm reduction context and pesticide safety concern |
| 14 | PubChem | Ergine CID 442072, Isoergine CID 12309749, Ergonovine CID 443884 | 3 | 3 | Chemical identity verification of primary psychoactive alkaloids |
| 15 | Multiple sources | I. tricolor vs I. violacea taxonomy | 4 | 2 | Critical taxonomic disambiguation for accurate article writing |
| 16 | OpenAlex | ergine LSA binding affinity 5-HT2A receptor dopamine hallucinogen mechanism | 6 | 2 | Best available pharmacology data for ergine mechanism, by analogy |
| 17 | PubMed | ergot alkaloid vasoconstriction serotonin triptan interactions | 3 | 2 | Drug interaction and dependence data for ergot alkaloid class |
56 claims by section — every cited sentence, checked against its source
safety16 · 13 ok
The triptan–ergot interaction is of particular concern given the vasoconstrictive properties of both drug classessupported
Of concern: additive vasoconstriction with ergots is likely. s40263-012-0002-5
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Serotonergic agents (SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs, triptans): Additive serotonergic activity at 5-HT₂A and 5-HT₁A receptors raises theoretical serotonin syndrome risksupported
DDIs can occur at PK and PD levels leading to serotonin toxicity. s12248-008-9028-5
In a prospective study of A. nervosa seeds at body-weight-normalized doses, 3 of 4 subjects experienced severe adverse effects: cardiovascular dysregulation in 2 subjects and a psychosis-like state in 1; all recovered completely within 9 hourssupported
Study halted due to severe adverse effects: cardiovascular dysregulation in 2/4 subjects, psychosis-like state in 1. All recovered within 9h. Interindividual variability despite normalized doses. j.forsciint.2011.06.025
A fatal case involved an individual who fell from a building during LSA intoxication with co-ingested THC and ethanol (blood LSA concentration 4.9 µg/L).supported
One fatality (fall from building). LSA in blood 4.9 and 1.8 ug/L. Co-use THC and ethanol in fatal case. j.forsciint.2009.11.017
Batch alkaloid variability is a separate risk vector: 2 of 5 commercial lots tested contained zero detectable ergot alkaloids, making dose prediction from seed count unreliablesupported
3 of 5 seed lots contained ergot alkaloids. Single-seed variability noted. s00216-016-9322-5
Acute psychological adverse effects include anxiety, panic, confusion, and psychosis-like states at higher doses or in susceptible individuals. Suicidal ideation has been documented in 2 recreational users who ingested A. nervosa and Ipomoea seedspartially supported
psychosis-like state in 1. Interindividual variability despite normalized doses. j.forsciint.2011.06.025
Acute psychological adverse effects include anxiety, panic, confusion, and psychosis-like states at higher doses or in susceptible individuals. Suicidal ideation has been documented in 2 recreational users who ingested A. nervosa and Ipomoea seedssupported
Suicidal ideation in 2 subjects. Common co-use with cannabis. Doses and symptoms comparable to medical case reports. pmid:23662334
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
By analogy with LSD and other serotonergic psychedelics, rapid tachyphylaxis — tolerance developing within 3–4 days of repeated use — is expected, with cross-tolerance to LSD, psilocybin, and other 5-HT₂A agonists.partially supported
Cross-tolerance between LSD and other serotonergic hallucinogens established. j.neuropharm.2011.01.017
Ergoline compounds as a class show low physical dependence liability, consistent with their low compulsive use patterns in recreational settingssupported
Updated overview of psychedelics including ergolines. Limited dependence liability for psychedelics. 17512433.2023.2279192
Ergotamine (a related ergot alkaloid used medicinally) can produce a physical dependence syndrome characterized by a self-sustaining headache-medication cycle; whether ergine produces analogous dependence at recreational doses is unknown.supported
Physical dependency on ergotamine exists: irresistible use, headache/medication cycle as withdrawal. Variable susceptibility and tolerance. pmid:3087616
The sole documented fatality involving LSA-containing seeds involved co-ingestion of ethanol and THC.supported
One fatality (fall from building). Co-use THC and ethanol in fatal case. j.forsciint.2009.11.017
CYP2D6 inhibitors (fluoxetine, paroxetine, bupropion): May increase ergine plasma levels and effect duration via reduced hepatic metabolism.supported
Reviews CYP2D6 role in indolealkylamine metabolism including lysergic acid amides. DDIs can occur at PK and PD levels. s12248-008-9028-5
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
CYP2D6 poor metabolizers: May experience prolonged and more intense effects at standard doses.supported
CYP2D6 polymorphism as additional risk factor. s12248-008-9028-5
alkaloid-profile8 · 5 ok
Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
They are produced by a heritable fungal endosymbiont, Periglandula clandestina sp. nov. (Clavicipitaceae), recently described from I. tricolor seed coatssupported
Periglandula clandestina sp. nov., the ergot alkaloid-producing fungal symbiont of I. tricolor. Isolated from seed coats; genome sequenced. 00275514.2025.2483634
The fungi are vertically transmitted through seeds and produce alkaloids that are translocated via peltate glandular trichomes into host plant tissuessupported
Trichomes secrete sesquiterpenes and palmitic acid and absorb ergot alkaloids from epibiotic Periglandula. Dual function in metabolic dialogue. toxins7041355
Alkaloids are distributed throughout the entire plant — roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seeds — not solely in seeds.supported
Ergot alkaloids in roots of E+ plants. Defensive symbiosis supported. s10886-019-01109-w
Minor clavine alkaloids include chanoclavine, elymoclavine, lysergol, and chanoclavine acid — the last of these first isolated from Ipomoea materialsupported
Chanoclavine acid first isolated from Ipomoea violacea. s00253-024-13157-8
Claim in alkaloid-profile — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
General principles from the Periglandula literature suggest alkaloid content is highest in seeds and youngest leavessupported
Periglandula ipomoeae found in young folded leaves, mature leaves, flower buds, mature flowers, young and mature seeds of I. asarifolia. Density correlates with glandular trichome density. jof8080823
neuroscience8 · 6 ok
Blood concentrations: 4.9 µg/L (fatal case, co-ingested THC and ethanol) and 1.8 µg/L (surviving witness)supported
LSA in blood 4.9 and 1.8 ug/L. Co-use THC and ethanol in fatal case. j.forsciint.2009.11.017
Its primary psychoactive mechanism is presumed to be 5-HT₂A receptor partial agonism, the same mechanism established for LSD, psilocin, and other classical serotonergic hallucinogenssupported
5-HT2A primary mediator of hallucinogen effects. Indoleamines (including LSD) are non-selective for serotonin receptors compared to phenylalkylamines. j.neuropharm.2011.01.017
Its primary psychoactive mechanism is presumed to be 5-HT₂A receptor partial agonism, the same mechanism established for LSD, psilocin, and other classical serotonergic hallucinogenssupported
Ergolines: increased serotonin 5-HT receptor activation. 17512433.2023.2279192
Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Urinary metabolites: 2-hydroxy-3-oxo-LSA and 2-hydroxy-3-oxo-ergonovine identifiedsupported
2-hydroxy-3-oxo metabolites of LSA and ergonovine identified. j.forsciint.2009.11.017
CYP2D6 is identified as the principal enzyme in indolealkylamine metabolism, including lysergic acid amidessupported
Reviews CYP2D6 role in indolealkylamine metabolism including lysergic acid amides. s12248-008-9028-5
Poor metabolizers may experience prolonged and more intense effects at any given dose.supported
CYP2D6 polymorphism as additional risk factor. s12248-008-9028-5
preparations7 · 6 ok
Dose estimates derive from forensic calculations and user-report analyses rather than controlled dose-finding studies:supported
Analysis of web-reported recreational use. Doses and symptoms comparable to medical case reports. pmid:23662334
Dose estimates derive from forensic calculations and user-report analyses rather than controlled dose-finding studies:supported
GC/MS analysis of I. violacea seeds (police seizures) and commercial seeds. Police seizure sample: 0.062% LSA. s41935-017-0016-8
They are derived from forensic alkaloid calculations and user-report analysissupported
GC/MS analysis of I. violacea seeds (police seizures). Police seizure sample: 0.062% LSA (300 mg seeds, ~8 seeds). s41935-017-0016-8
They are derived from forensic alkaloid calculations and user-report analysissupported
Analysis of web-reported recreational use. Doses and symptoms comparable to medical case reports. pmid:23662334
Claim in preparations — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Batch variability: Alkaloid content varies substantially between commercial batches; some lots contain no detectable ergot alkaloidssupported
3 of 5 seed lots contained ergot alkaloids. Single-seed variability noted. s00216-016-9322-5
CYP2D6 polymorphism: Poor metabolizers likely experience more prolonged and intense effects at any given dosesupported
CYP2D6 polymorphism as additional risk factor. s12248-008-9028-5
summary7 · 5 ok
Morning glory refers primarily to Ipomoea tricolor Cav. (Convolvulaceae), a fast-growing annual vine whose seeds contain ergoline alkaloids — principally lsa (ergine, d-lysergic acid amide) — produced not by the plant itself but by a heritable fungal endosymbiont, Periglandula clandestinasupported
Periglandula clandestina sp. nov., the ergot alkaloid-producing fungal symbiont of I. tricolor. Isolated from seed coats; genome sequenced. 00275514.2025.2483634
Ergine is a semirigid ergoline structurally related to LSD; its primary psychoactive mechanism is presumed to be 5-HT₂A receptor partial agonism, inferred from structural analogy rather than published binding affinity datasupported
5-HT2A primary mediator of hallucinogen effects. Indoleamines (including LSD) are non-selective for serotonin receptors compared to phenylalkylamines. j.neuropharm.2011.01.017
Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Alkaloid content varies substantially between seed batches, cultivars, and commercial sources; a significant fraction of commercially available seeds contain no detectable ergot alkaloids.supported
3 of 5 seed lots contained ergot alkaloids. Single-seed variability noted. s00216-016-9322-5
Documented adverse events include cardiovascular dysregulation, psychosis-like states, and suicidal ideation in case reports involving LSA-containing seedspartially supported
cardiovascular dysregulation in 2/4 subjects, psychosis-like state in 1. All recovered within 9h. j.forsciint.2011.06.025
Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Dependence liability is unstudied but presumed low based on ergoline class datasupported
Updated overview of psychedelics including ergolines. Limited dependence liability for psychedelics. 17512433.2023.2279192
botanical-overview6 · 2 ok
The genus Ipomoea comprises 600–700 species, making it the largest genus within Convolvulaceaepartially supported
600-700 species of Ipomoea in Convolvulaceae, found throughout tropical/subtropical regions. s0102-695x2012005000025
Approximately 40% of species in the tribe Ipomoeeae harbor heritable fungal endosymbionts of the genus Periglandula that produce ergot alkaloids; however, multiple commercially sold ornamental species lack these symbionts entirely.partially supported
~40% of Ipomoeeae species have heritable endosymbiotic fungi producing ergot alkaloids, indole diterpenes, or swainsonine. nph.18785
Claim in botanical-overview — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in botanical-overview — not_supportednot supportedworking →
Claim in botanical-overview — not_supportednot supportedworking →
Claim in botanical-overview — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
history4 · 2 ok
The genus Ipomoea comprises 600–700 species within the family Convolvulaceae, distributed primarily across tropical and subtropical regionssupported
600-700 species of Ipomoea in Convolvulaceae, found throughout tropical/subtropical regions. s0102-695x2012005000025
Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
A reemergence occurred in Poland and elsewhere in the 2010s, with systematic analysis of web-reported use cases confirming symptoms comparable to earlier medical case reportssupported
Analysis of web-reported recreational use. Reoccurrence since 1968. Doses and symptoms comparable to medical case reports. pmid:23662334
Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →