JWH-073

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what any key link opens

psx:substance/jwh-073/src/doi:10.1097/fbp.0b013e328308f1e6

src2026-09-07recordconsumed

psx:substance/jwh-073/src/doi:10.1097/fbp.0b013e328308f1e6

no derivations recorded for this key

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1Provenance card

the boundary, as counts

Sources

3326 with DOI

1 strong · 23 moderate · 9 weak

Compilations

12026-05-11T14:14:27.789Z

pipeline-v5 · prompt hash not recorded — run predates 2026-09

Decisions

29last ruled 2026-06-04

0 awaiting a ruling

Issued documents

52026-10-19T20:32:24.016Z

notice · info card · emergency

Searches

181 with no results

queries and counts on the build

Claims checked

18815 supported

15 supported · 173 not

Correspondence

0received

consent field ships in Phase 4

Edges

471

derivations recorded for this entity

Complete over 33 sources, 1 compilation, and 29 decisions.Not here: the private journal (never).Working material — drafts, discards, unsupported claims — is listed below and readable on the working page.Cite: psychedex.org/substances/jwh-073/archive

2Build

one panel per compilation run

generation run 2026-05-11

59 min completedmodel pipeline-v5plan not recordedrun/28857926…

Selection

results seen90

selected by the model43

consumed as sources33

Verification

claims checked188

supported12

partially supported3

not supported0

inconclusive173

record
seen / partial
working

The model's own caveats

sparse_evidence
sparse_evidence
structural_inference

Reproduce

inputs: 33 source keys (listed under Sources)
plan: not recorded — template version, prompt hash and git SHA are written from 2026-09 onward
model: pipeline-v5
streams: none — agent transcripts are persisted from 2026-09 onward

18 searches — query, source, results, what was kept and why

18 searches for this run
#	source	query	seen	kept	rationale
1	OpenAlex	JWH-073 synthetic cannabinoid	10	6	—
2	PubMed	JWH-073 synthetic cannabinoid toxicity case report	4	4	—
3	PubMed	JWH-073 cannabinoid pharmacology receptor binding	7	7	—
4	PubChem	JWH-073	1	1	—
5	PubMed	naphthoylindole cannabinoid receptor binding affinity structure activity	4	4	—
6	PubMed	JWH-073 metabolism pharmacokinetics human urine	5	5	—
7	ClinicalTrials.gov · absence	JWH-073 synthetic cannabinoid	0	—	—
8	PubMed	synthetic cannabinoid spice K2 dependence withdrawal abuse	5	5	—
9	Web	JWH-073 DEA Schedule I scheduling date United States 2011	10	2	—
10	Erowid	JWH-073 experience reports subjective effects	4	—	—
11	Web	JWH-073 legal status UK Australia Canada EU	10	1	—
12	PubMed	Cooper controlled administration JWH-073 JWH-018 smoked human	1	1	—
13	PubMed	JWH-073 metabolism pharmacokinetics human urine	5	2	—
14	PubMed	JWH-073 JWH-210 pharmacokinetic behavioral profile THC rats	1	1	—
15	Cayman Chemical	JWH-073 physical properties	1	1	—
16	Web	JWH-073 discovery synthesis history John Huffman Clemson University	10	1	—
17	PubMed	JWH-073 carboxylic acid metabolite detection times human urine	2	1	—
18	Web	JWH-073 Ki binding affinity CB1 CB2 nM values pharmacology	10	1	—

188 claims by section — every cited sentence, checked against its source

safety68 · 12 ok

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Full agonism permits dose-dependent escalation of effects without the ceiling imposed by partial agonist pharmacology, producing a steeper dose-toxicity gradient.supported
SCRAs are full agonists, more potent than THC, contain no CBD — higher psychosis-inducing potential than cannabis. 0269881114565142
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
JWH-073 induced membrane damage in buccal epithelial (TR146) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines at concentrations ≥75–100 µMpartially supported
JWH-018 causes cell membrane damage at ≥75-100 µM; anti-estrogenic effects; no estrogenic activity; no cytokine release effects in PBMCs at realistic concentrations. s00204-013-1029-1
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Population-level data identify tachycardia as the single most common adverse presentation (37–77% of synthetic cannabinoid emergency cases).supported
Most common: tachycardia (37-77%), agitation (16-41%), nausea (13-94%). 15563650.2015.1110590
Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists, including JWH-073, carry psychotomimetic risk exceeding that of Δ9-THCsupported
SCRAs are full agonists, more potent than THC, contain no CBD — higher psychosis-inducing potential than cannabis. 0269881114565142
Three factors converge to elevate this risk: full CB1 agonism (producing greater receptor activation than the partial agonist THC), higher potency (lower doses needed for equivalent receptor occupancy), and absence of cannabidiol (CBD), which in natural cannabis may moderate psychosis risk.supported
SCRAs are full agonists, more potent than THC, contain no CBD — higher psychosis-inducing potential than cannabis. 0269881114565142
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Psychosis-like conditions occur more frequently with synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists than with natural cannabis, particularly in inexperienced users and those with pre-existing psychiatric vulnerability. anxiety, paranoia, and confusion appear to be dose-dependent, though the absence of controlled human data prevents quantification of incidence at specific dose levels.supported
SCRAs are full agonists, more potent than THC, contain no CBD — higher psychosis-inducing potential than cannabis; reviews general toxicity profile and psychosis risk of synthetic cannabinoids. 0269881114565142
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
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Physical and psychological-dependence on JWH-073 and related synthetic cannabinoids is documented in clinical literaturesupported
Review of SC pharmacology, adverse effects of acute intoxication and withdrawal from daily use. Withdrawal symptom relief reported with benzodiazepines and quetiapine. s11920-016-0694-1
Physical and psychological-dependence on JWH-073 and related synthetic cannabinoids is documented in clinical literaturesupported
Case series and systematic review; SC effects similar to marijuana; cases of dependence; SC effectively alleviates cannabis withdrawal. j.1521-0391.2012.00240.x
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Some symptom relief has been reported with benzodiazepines (for agitation) and quetiapine (for psychosis)supported
Withdrawal symptom relief reported with benzodiazepines and quetiapine. s11920-016-0694-1
Users may substitute synthetic cannabinoid products to manage cannabis withdrawal.supported
SC effectively alleviates cannabis withdrawal. j.1521-0391.2012.00240.x
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
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History of psychosis or schizophrenia (absolute): full CB1 agonism at synthetic cannabinoid potency carries markedly elevated risk of precipitating acute psychotic episodes. The absence of CBD moderation in synthetic cannabinoid products removes a potential protective factor present in cannabis.supported
SCRAs are full agonists, more potent than THC, contain no CBD — higher psychosis-inducing potential than cannabis. 0269881114565142
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A systematic review of approximately 4,000 synthetic cannabinoid cases identified at least 26 deaths across the broader class, though JWH-073-specific mortality cannot be isolated from aggregate reporting.supported
Systematic review of ~4000 SC cases including ~26 deaths; major complications: cardiovascular events, AKI, seizures, psychosis. 15563650.2015.1110590

pharmacology34 · 0 ok

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summary18 · 2 ok

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The compound entered recreational markets in early 2009 as a replacement for JWH-018 following the latter's prohibition in Germany, and was permanently placed in Schedule I under the US Controlled Substances Act in March 2012partially supported
Monitoring of 140+ Spice products; JWH-018 identified in December 2008; product compositions changed repeatedly due to prohibition. jms.1811
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Full CB1 agonist status confers a higher ceiling for toxicity than Δ9-THC, and case reports document seizures, cardiotoxicity, and multi-organ dysfunction associated with synthetic cannabinoid products containing JWH-073. tolerance develops through CB1 receptor desensitization and downregulation; physical and psychological-dependence are documented at moderate severitypartially supported
Systematic review of ~4000 SC cases including ~26 deaths; major complications: cardiovascular events, AKI, seizures, psychosis. 15563650.2015.1110590
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comparative-pharmacology12 · 1 ok

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This difference confers several clinically important properties to JWH-073:supported
SCRAs are full agonists, more potent than THC, contain no CBD — higher psychosis-inducing potential than cannabis. 0269881114565142
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neuroscience12 · 0 ok

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pharmacokinetic-detail12 · 0 ok

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receptor-pharmacology12 · 0 ok

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clinical-evidence10 · 0 ok

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chemistry6 · 0 ok

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history4 · 0 ok

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3Sources

33 consumed · sorted by year · feeds = sections resting on it

Sources 1 to 30
year	source	tier	status	feeds
2024	Influence of structural characteristics on the binding of synthetic cannabinoids from the JWH family to the CB1 receptor: A computational studyChaturvedi K, Anthony CS, Pandey P, Doerksen RJ, Godfrey M · Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modellingdoi:10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108620	moderate	consumed	3 sections
2024	JWH-073 SMILES and Chemical StructurePubChem/ChemSpiderurl:972c9b9ad6e5df8e	weak	consumed	cited only
2022	Synthetic cannabinoid JWH-073 alters both acute behavior and in vivo/vitro electrophysiological responses in miceBarbieri M, Tirri M, Bilel S, Arfe R, Corli G, Marchetti B, Caruso L, Soukupova M, Cristofori V, Serpelloni G, Marti M · Frontiers in Psychiatrydoi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.953909	moderate	consumed	3 sections
2020	QSAR Model for Predicting the Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Binding Affinity and Dependence Potential of Synthetic CannabinoidsLee W, Park SJ, Hwang JY, et al. · Moleculesdoi:10.3390/molecules25246057	moderate	consumed	1 section
2018	Behavioral and Pharmacokinetic Profile of Indole-Derived Synthetic Cannabinoids JWH-073 and JWH-210 as Compared to the Phytocannabinoid Delta9-THC in RatsUttl L, Szczurowska E, Hajkova K, et al. · Frontiers in Neurosciencedoi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00703	moderate	consumed	2 sections
2018	Methodology for controlled administration of smoked synthetic cannabinoids JWH-018 and JWH-073Cooper ZD, Poklis JL, Liu F · Neuropharmacologydoi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.11.020	moderate	consumed	4 sections
2016	A systematic review of adverse events arising from the use of synthetic cannabinoids and their associated treatmentTait RJ, Caldicott D, Mountain D, Hill SL, Lenton S · Clinical Toxicologydoi:10.3109/15563650.2015.1110590	strong	consumed	2 sections
2016	Adverse Effects of Synthetic Cannabinoids: Management of Acute Toxicity and WithdrawalCooper ZD · Current Psychiatry Reportsdoi:10.1007/s11920-016-0694-1	moderate	consumed	1 section
2016	Effect of JWH-250, JWH-073 and their interaction on tetrad, sensorimotor, neurological and neurochemical responses in miceOssato A, Canazza I, Trapella C, Vincenzi F, De Luca MA, Rimondo C, Varani K, Borea PA, Serpelloni G, Marti M · Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatrydoi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.01.007	moderate	consumed	4 sections
2016	Stratification of Cannabinoid 1 Receptor (CB1R) Agonist Efficacy: Manipulation of CB1R Density through Use of Transgenic MiceGrim TW, Morales AJ, Gonek MM, et al. · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeuticspmid:27535976	moderate	consumed	1 section
2015	A sensitive GC-EIMS method for simultaneous detection and quantification of JWH-018 and JWH-073 carboxylic acid and hydroxy metabolites in urinePaul BD, Bosy T · Journal of Analytical Toxicologydoi:10.1093/jat/bku178	moderate	consumed	2 sections
2015	Detection Times of Carboxylic Acid Metabolites of the Synthetic Cannabinoids JWH-018 and JWH-073 in Human UrineHegstad S, Westin AA, Spigset O · Journal of Analytical Toxicologydoi:10.1093/jat/bkv013	moderate	consumed	2 sections
2015	Synthetic cannabinoids: the multi-organ failure and metabolic derangements associated with getting highSherpa D, Paudel BM, Subedi BH, Chow RD · Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectivesdoi:10.3402/jchimp.v5.27540	weak	consumed	1 section
2015	The adverse health effects of synthetic cannabinoids with emphasis on psychosis-like effectsvan Amsterdam J, Brunt T, van den Brink W · Journal of psychopharmacologydoi:10.1177/0269881114565142	moderate	consumed	2 sections
2014	Moving around the molecule: relationship between chemical structure and in vivo activity of synthetic cannabinoidsWiley JL, Marusich JA, Huffman JW · Life sciencesdoi:10.1016/j.lfs.2013.09.011	moderate	consumed	2 sections
2013	Acute toxicity due to the confirmed consumption of synthetic cannabinoids: clinical and laboratory findingsHermanns-Clausen M, Kneisel S, Szabo B, Auwaerter V · Addictiondoi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.04078.x	moderate	consumed	3 sections
2013	Differential drug-drug interactions of the synthetic Cannabinoids JWH-018 and JWH-073: implications for drug abuse liability and pain therapyBrents LK, Zimmerman SM, Saffell AR, Prather PL, Fantegrossi WE · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeuticsdoi:10.1124/jpet.113.206003	moderate	consumed	2 sections
2013	Human metabolites of synthetic cannabinoids JWH-018 and JWH-073 bind with high affinity and act as potent agonists at cannabinoid type-2 receptorsRajasekaran M, Brents LK, Franks LN, Moran JH, Prather PL · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacologydoi:10.1016/j.taap.2013.03.012	moderate	consumed	2 sections
2013	K2 toxicity: fatal case of psychiatric complications following AM2201 exposurePatton AL, Chimalakonda KC, Moran CL, et al. · Journal of Forensic Sciencesdoi:10.1111/1556-4029.12216	weak	consumed	2 sections
2013	Monitoring of urinary metabolites of JWH-018 and JWH-073 in legal casesJang M, Yang W, Choi H, Chang H, Lee S, Kim E, Chung H · Forensic Science Internationaldoi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.03.053	moderate	consumed	cited only
2013	Toxicological profiles of selected synthetic cannabinoids showing high binding affinities to the cannabinoid receptor subtype CB1Koller VJ, Zlabinger GJ, Auwärter V, Fuchs S, Knasmueller S · Archives of toxicologydoi:10.1007/s00204-013-1029-1	moderate	consumed	1 section
2012	"Spice" and "K2" herbal highs: a case series and systematic review of the clinical effects and biopsychosocial implications of synthetic cannabinoid use in humansGunderson EW, Haughey HM, Ait-Daoud N, Joshi AS, Hart CL · The American journal on addictionsdoi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00240.x	moderate	consumed	1 section
2012	Cardiotoxicity associated with the synthetic cannabinoid, K9, with laboratory confirmationYoung AC, Schwarz E, Medina G, et al. · American Journal of Emergency Medicinedoi:10.1016/j.ajem.2011.05.013	weak	consumed	2 sections
2012	Monohydroxylated metabolites of the K2 synthetic cannabinoid JWH-073 retain intermediate to high cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) affinity and exhibit neutral antagonist to partial agonist activityBrents LK, Gallus-Zawada A, Radominska-Pandya A, Vasiljevik T, Prisinzano TE, Fantegrossi WE, Moran JH, Prather PL · Biochemical Pharmacologydoi:10.1016/j.bcp.2012.01.004	moderate	consumed	6 sections
2012	Permanent Scheduling of Five Synthetic Cannabinoids Including JWH-073DEA/Federal Registerurl:7f2c1eb247d220c0	weak	consumed	cited only
2011	Conjugation of synthetic cannabinoids JWH-018 and JWH-073, metabolites by human UDP-glucuronosyltransferasesChimalakonda KC, Bratton SM, Le VH, Yiew KH, Dineva A, Moran CL, James LP, Moran JH, Radominska-Pandya A · Drug Metabolism and Dispositiondoi:10.1124/dmd.111.040709	moderate	consumed	2 sections
2011	DEA Temporary Scheduling of Five Synthetic Cannabinoids Including JWH-073DEA/Federal Registerurl:6c7f1f14eed0882f	weak	consumed	cited only
2011	Ki binding affinity values for JWH-073 at CB1 (8.9 nM) and CB2 (38 nM) receptorsCayman Chemical product page citing Huffman JW researchurl:1528a771c440257c	weak	consumed	cited only
2011	Three cases of spice exposureSimmons J, Cookman L, Kang C, Skinner C · Clinical Toxicologydoi:10.3109/15563650.2011.584316	weak	consumed	3 sections
2010	JWH-073 Discovery - John W. Huffman, Clemson UniversityVarious web sourcesurl:f0137df1499b0984	weak	consumed	cited only

Show all 34 sources — 4 more

Sources 31 to 34
year	source	tier	status	feeds
2010	Monitoring of herbal mixtures potentially containing synthetic cannabinoids as psychoactive compoundsDresen S, Ferreirós N, Pütz M, Westphal F, Zimmermann R · Journal of Mass Spectrometrydoi:10.1002/jms.1811	moderate	consumed	1 section
2008	Sensitivity to delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol is selectively enhanced in beta-arrestin2 -/- miceBreivogel CS, Lambert JM, Gerfin S, Huffman JW, Razdan RK · Behavioural Pharmacologydoi:10.1097/fbp.0b013e328308f1e6	moderate	consumed	cited only
2005	Structure-activity relationships for 1-alkyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indoles at the cannabinoid CB(1) and CB(2) receptorsHuffman JW, Zengin G, Wu MJ, et al. · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistrypmid:15582455	moderate	consumed	3 sections
—	Searched ClinicalTrials.gov for "JWH-073 synthetic cannabinoid" — no resultsabsence		no results	—

4Docket

one filing per activity — decisions, correspondence, reports

0012026-05-11revisionRevision 1
Initial LLM generation (v5 pipeline, wiki, prose phase)
psx:substance/jwh-073/version/1
0022026-06-04proposal27 value proposals approved together
one review action inferred from a shared reviewer and instant — the graph records one activity per proposal
27 items in this filing
- contraindication · cardiovascular
- contraindication · other
- contraindication · age
- contraindication · neurological
- contraindication · pregnancy_breastfeeding
- dose_tier · threshold
- dose_tier · light
- dose_tier · common
- dose_tier · strong
- dose_tier · heavy
- timeline · smoked · onset
- timeline · smoked · come_up
- timeline · smoked · peak
- timeline · smoked · resolution
- timeline · smoked · afterglow
- toxicity
- dependence · full
- withdrawal
- tolerance
- dosage · smoked
- duration · smoked · onset
- duration · smoked · come_up
- duration · smoked · peak
- duration · smoked · offset
- duration · smoked · total
- duration · smoked · aftereffects
psx:substance/jwh-073/proposal/contraindication/64c6eef0-56c2-46df-8996-60767e89b367
0032026-06-04publicationPublication — backfill
psx:substance/jwh-073/pub/e3d4b86a-9067-4dc3-bfea-be56a6c2dc22

5Issued documents

what the notice, info card and emergency page said, by hash

Issued documents
document	content hash	issued	from version	superseded
emergency	7386375eac1334714f070b93…	2026-10-19 20:32	Revision 1	current
info_card	83349dee8ef1e167cf5be2f9…	2026-10-19 20:32	Revision 1	current
emergency	207cf682e28a91d88136b9a2…	2026-09-04 04:30	Revision 1	superseded2026-10-19
info_card	d5b12ec04bf0c2a518dab6f6…	2026-09-04 04:30	Revision 1	superseded2026-10-19
notice	6cc1eca3752c8ad4ae4d5c0c…	2026-09-04 04:30	Revision 1	current

JWH-073

6Node page

1Provenance card

2Build

generation run 2026-05-11

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Verification

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Reproduce

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5Issued documents

research

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