Ephenidine
Standing risks
| Risk | Recorded values | Confidence | Article section |
|---|---|---|---|
| Compulsive use risk, monitor frequency |
| medium | View in article: Compulsive use risk, monitor frequency |
Lethal interactions
| Combination | Type | Severity | Mechanisms | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GHB, GBL | Drug class | lethal | 2 | medium |
Dangerous interactions
35 dangerous interactions recorded for this substance.
See the full interactions tableContraindications
| Condition | Severity | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular | ||
| cardiovascular disease | absolute | Pre-existing cardiovascular disease, uncontrolled hypertension, or structural heart conditions substantially increase the risk of acute cardiovascular events. Tachycardia and hypertension are consistently documented in clinical case reports. |
| Psychiatric | ||
| psychotic disorders | absolute | Personal or family history of psychotic spectrum disorders (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder) constitutes an absolute contraindication. NMDA antagonists acting at the PCP site are among the most reliably psychotomimetic drug classes. |
| bipolar disorder | relative | Bipolar disorder is a relative contraindication due to risk of mood destabilisation from combined NMDA antagonism and monoaminergic activation. |
| Renal | ||
| renal impairment | relative | Pre-existing renal insufficiency increases the risk of acute kidney injury should rhabdomyolysis occur. Rhabdomyolysis is documented at the class level. |
| Pregnancy & Breastfeeding | ||
| pregnancy | absolute | No reproductive toxicity data exist for ephenidine. NMDA antagonist exposure during pregnancy is a theoretical concern based on the critical role of NMDA receptors in neurodevelopment. Absolute contraindication by precautionary principle. |
| Other | ||
| MAO inhibitor therapy | absolute | Concurrent or recent (within 14 days) use of MAO inhibitors is an absolute contraindication due to the risk of hypertensive crisis from synergistic sympathomimetic effects. |