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psx:substance/cbc/value/timeline/oral/onset@1

valuereferenced by edges — no row of its own

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none recorded

Closure of psx:substance/cbc/value/timeline/oral/onset@1: 1 upstream, 0 downstream.

psx:substance/cbc/value/timeline/oral/onset@1
└─ derived_from  proposal/timeline/86814647-9b01-4525-a6a5-8cf5a1d37a9d  timeline · oral · onset

indented by distance from this node, not by parentage

1Provenance card

the boundary, as counts

Sources

4645 with DOI

5 strong · 39 moderate · 2 weak

Compilations

12026-05-11T11:15:59.055Z

pipeline-v5 · prompt hash not recorded — run predates 2026-09

Decisions

23last ruled 2026-06-04

0 awaiting a ruling

Issued documents

52026-10-19T20:31:02.994Z

notice · info card · emergency

Searches

180 with no results

queries and counts on the build

Claims checked

7669 supported

69 supported · 7 not

Correspondence

0received

consent field ships in Phase 4

Edges

254

derivations recorded for this entity

Complete over 46 sources, 1 compilation, and 23 decisions.Not here: the private journal (never).Working material — drafts, discards, unsupported claims — is listed below and readable on the working page.Cite: psychedex.org/substances/cbc/archive

2Build

one panel per compilation run

generation run 2026-05-11

82 min completedmodel pipeline-v5plan not recordedrun/9b13f346…

Selection

results seen115
selected by the model38
consumed as sources46

Verification

claims checked76
supported52
partially supported17
not supported1
inconclusive6
  • record
  • seen / partial
  • working

The model's own caveats

6 further caveats recorded as free text — readable on the working page

Reproduce

inputs
46 source keys (listed under Sources)
plan
not recorded — template version, prompt hash and git SHA are written from 2026-09 onward
model
pipeline-v5
streams
none — agent transcripts are persisted from 2026-09 onward
18 searches — query, source, results, what was kept and why
18 searches for this run
#sourcequeryseenkeptrationale
1Webcannabichromene CBC CAS number SMILES physical properties melting point100—
2Webcannabichromene CBC discovery 1966 Gaoni Mechoulam first isolated100—
3PubMedcannabichromene anticancer antitumor74—
4PubMedcannabichromene pharmacology receptor binding127—
5PubMedcannabichromene intestinal motility 5-HT311—
6PubMedcannabichromene biosynthesis CBCA synthase84—
7Crossref (verify_doi)10.1039/c1966000002011—
8Webcannabichromene CBC legal status United States DEA scheduling 2026100—
9OpenAlexcannabichromene CBC pharmacology104—
10PubMedPMID 729887011—
11PubMedcannabichromene antimicrobial antibacterial Staphylococcus MRSA85—
12OpenAlexcannabichromene CBC discovery isolation cannabis100—
13Webcannabichromene CBC legal status UK EU Canada Australia 2025100—
14PubMedcannabichromene anti-inflammatory analgesic pain64—
15PubMedcannabichromene TRPA1 TRPV1 TRP channels33—
16PubChemcannabichromene11—
17ClinicalTrials.govcannabichromene CBC41—
18PubMedcannabichromene CYP450 cytochrome metabolism hepatic32—
76 claims by section — every cited sentence, checked against its source
safety20 · 17 ok
  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Claim in safety — not_supportednot supportedworking →

  • CBC inhibited FSH-stimulated granulosa cell function in vitro — a direct antigonadal effect shared as a class property with both psychoactive and non-psychoactive cannabinoidssupported

    CBC (like other cannabinoids including THC, CBD, CBN, CBG) inhibited FSH-stimulated progesterone and estrogen biosynthesis in rat granulosa cells. Direct antigonadal activity observed at pharmacologically relevant concentrations. ajpendo.1983.245.1.e4

  • Historical data demonstrated CBC inhibition of lymphocyte PHA response at concentrations of 10⁻⁵–10⁻⁴ Msupported

    CBC at 10-5 to 10-4 M concentrations inhibited lymphocyte PHA response and macromolecular synthesis. fpsyt.2011.00012

  • CBC potentiates barbiturate- and CNS depressant-induced hypnosis in micesupported

    Previously reported CBC potentiation of CNS depressant-induced hypnosis is not mediated by the hepatic microsomal enzyme system. 0306-3623(83)90007-3

  • It does not generate THC-like discriminative stimulus in trained rats at doses up to 30 mg/kg and does not produce cannabimimetic effects in mouse drug discrimination assayspartially supported

    CBC and other minor cannabinoids had little effect on THC discriminative stimulus in rats. can.2023.0062

  • It does not generate THC-like discriminative stimulus in trained rats at doses up to 30 mg/kg and does not produce cannabimimetic effects in mouse drug discrimination assayspartially supported

    Minor cannabinoids evaluated for THC-like psychoactivity in mouse THC drug discrimination and CB1/CB2 binding affinities. j.pnpbp.2024.110984

  • CBC did not produce cannabimimetic effects in drug discrimination models and did not alter the interoceptive effects of THC in trained rats, suggesting minimal abuse potential through the endocannabinoid systempartially supported

    Minor cannabinoids evaluated for THC-like psychoactivity in mouse THC drug discrimination and CB1/CB2 binding affinities. j.pnpbp.2024.110984

  • CBC did not produce cannabimimetic effects in drug discrimination models and did not alter the interoceptive effects of THC in trained rats, suggesting minimal abuse potential through the endocannabinoid systemsupported

    CBC and other minor cannabinoids had little effect on THC discriminative stimulus in rats. None lowered THC responding to 50% or below. can.2023.0062

  • CBC is metabolized by CYPs 1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4supported

    CYPs 1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4 involved in CBC hydroxylation. j.taap.2023.116654

  • However, because CBC does not significantly inhibit hepatic microsomal enzymes, it is less likely than CBD to cause clinically significant elevation of co-administered drug levels.supported

    CBC pretreatment had no effect on in vitro hepatic microsomal enzyme activity. 0306-3623(83)90007-3

  • CBC + CBD co-administration in rats increased mutual C_max and AUC without altering T_max, consistent with competitive substrate interaction at shared CYP isoformspartially supported

    Co-administration increased Cmax and AUC. s13346-026-02057-1

  • CBC potentiated pentobarbital/CNS depressant-induced hypnosis in mice through a non-CYP-mediated mechanismsupported

    Previously reported CBC potentiation of CNS depressant-induced hypnosis is not mediated by the hepatic microsomal enzyme system. 0306-3623(83)90007-3

  • CBC synergized with β-caryophyllene (a CB2 agonist terpene present in cannabis, black pepper, and many consumer products) in cancer cell modelssupported

    CBC greatest potency among tested cannabinoids; synergistically reduced IC50 with beta-caryophyllene in TNBC. ijms27062730

  • In the colitis model, CBC achieved therapeutic effects at subtherapeutic doses only in combination with CBD, CBDV, and CBGsupported

    CBC combination with CBD, CBDV, CBG at subtherapeutic doses reduced visceral hypersensitivity. jpet.2025.103389

  • Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Relative (inferred): * Concurrent CNS depressant use: CBC's pharmacodynamic potentiation of CNS depressants in animal models and its GABA_A PAM activity suggest additive sedation risk with benzodiazepines, barbiturates, opioids, and alcohol. * Drugs metabolized by CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, or CYP3A4: Although CBC does not significantly inhibit these enzymes, competitive substrate interactions may alter PK of both CBC and co-administered drugs. * Pregnancy and lactation: In vitro antigonadal effects observed across the cannabinoid classsupported

    Previously reported CBC potentiation of CNS depressant-induced hypnosis is not mediated by the hepatic microsomal enzyme system. 0306-3623(83)90007-3

  • Relative (inferred): * Concurrent CNS depressant use: CBC's pharmacodynamic potentiation of CNS depressants in animal models and its GABA_A PAM activity suggest additive sedation risk with benzodiazepines, barbiturates, opioids, and alcohol. * Drugs metabolized by CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, or CYP3A4: Although CBC does not significantly inhibit these enzymes, competitive substrate interactions may alter PK of both CBC and co-administered drugs. * Pregnancy and lactation: In vitro antigonadal effects observed across the cannabinoid classsupported

    CBC enhanced GABA-induced currents in Xenopus oocytes and mouse primary cortical neurons. V436 in beta2 subunit of GABAA receptor identified as critical binding site for CBC. j.fmre.2023.05.023

  • Relative (inferred): * Concurrent CNS depressant use: CBC's pharmacodynamic potentiation of CNS depressants in animal models and its GABA_A PAM activity suggest additive sedation risk with benzodiazepines, barbiturates, opioids, and alcohol. * Drugs metabolized by CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, or CYP3A4: Although CBC does not significantly inhibit these enzymes, competitive substrate interactions may alter PK of both CBC and co-administered drugs. * Pregnancy and lactation: In vitro antigonadal effects observed across the cannabinoid classsupported

    CYPs 1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4 involved in CBC hydroxylation. j.taap.2023.116654

  • Relative (inferred): * Concurrent CNS depressant use: CBC's pharmacodynamic potentiation of CNS depressants in animal models and its GABA_A PAM activity suggest additive sedation risk with benzodiazepines, barbiturates, opioids, and alcohol. * Drugs metabolized by CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, or CYP3A4: Although CBC does not significantly inhibit these enzymes, competitive substrate interactions may alter PK of both CBC and co-administered drugs. * Pregnancy and lactation: In vitro antigonadal effects observed across the cannabinoid classsupported

    CBC (like other cannabinoids including THC, CBD, CBN, CBG) inhibited FSH-stimulated progesterone and estrogen biosynthesis in rat granulosa cells. Direct antigonadal activity observed at pharmacologically relevant concentrations. ajpendo.1983.245.1.e4

pharmacology13 · 13 ok
  • The seed database classification of CBC as a "CB1 receptor partial agonist" is contradicted by published data and requires correction.supported

    CBC exhibited 10-100x lower CB1/CB2 affinity than THC. bs.pbr.2025.07.006

  • The seed database classification of CBC as a "CB1 receptor partial agonist" is contradicted by published data and requires correction.supported

    Ki values to CB1 range from 23.5 nM (THCA) to 14711 nM (CBDV). j.ntt.2014.09.003

  • De Petrocellis et al. established CBC as one of the most potent phytocannabinoid agonists of rat TRPA1 channels, ranking alongside CBD and CBNsupported

    CBC, CBD and CBN were potent rat TRPA1 agonists. j.1476-5381.2010.01166.x

  • This mechanism underlies CBC's analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and mediates its inhibition of intestinal hypermotility.supported

    CBC is a major non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid that inhibits endocannabinoid inactivation and activates TRPA1. CBC inhibited inflammation-induced intestinal hypermotility in mice. j.1476-5381.2012.01879.x

  • Wang et al. demonstrated that CBC enhances GABA-induced currents in both Xenopus laevis oocytes and mouse primary cortical neuronssupported

    CBC enhanced GABA-induced currents in Xenopus oocytes and mouse primary cortical neurons. j.fmre.2023.05.023

  • This mechanism accounts for CBC's anti-seizure effects, confirmed independently by Jin and Huang.supported

    CBC showed strong allosteric enhancement effects on CBD binding site of GABAA receptor. j.fmre.2024.11.002

  • CBC additionally modulates endocannabinoid tone through two mechanisms: inhibition of N-acylethanolamine acid amide hydrolase (NAAA), the enzyme responsible for degrading palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and blockade of anandamide cellular uptake (ACU), with potency matching CBG and exceeding CBDsupported

    CBC inhibited NAAA. CBC = CBG > CBD inhibited anandamide cellular uptake. j.1476-5381.2010.01166.x

  • In vivo antidepressant studies in mice report CBC inhibited monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) activity in brain tissue at 20 mg/kg, contributing to elevated monoamine levels — a proposed mechanism for antidepressant-like behavioral effects comparable to imipramine at 15 mg/kg.partially supported

    CBC at 20 mg/kg reduced immobility in stressed mice, similar to imipramine. Reduced corticosterone and MAO-A activity. s00210-025-04236-2

  • In cannulated rats, Rysanek et al. demonstrated that intestinal lymphatic transport plays a major role in CBC absorption following oral administrationsupported

    Intestinal lymphatic transport plays major role in CBC absorption. acs.molpharmaceut.4c01357

  • Co-administration of CBC (10 mg/kg i.p.) with CBD (20 mg/kg i.p.) in rats increased the C_max and AUC of both compounds without altering T_maxpartially supported

    Co-administration increased Cmax and AUC. s13346-026-02057-1

  • The major Phase I metabolite of CBC, identified following incubation with human liver microsomes, is 2'-hydroxycannabicitran — a novel oxidized structure characterized by GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. In silico modeling predicted this metabolite would fit the orthosteric binding site of both CB1 and CB2 receptors, but in vitro competitive binding assays showed no significant activity at either receptor.supported

    CBC major Phase I metabolite identified as 2-hydroxycannabicitran via GC-MS and NMR. In silico modeling predicted metabolite fits in orthosteric site of CB1 and CB2 but showed no significant binding. metabo14060329

  • Recombinant human CYP screening established that CBC is hydroxylated predominantly by CYPs 1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4supported

    CYPs 1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4 involved in CBC hydroxylation. j.taap.2023.116654

  • Kapeghian et al. demonstrated in mouse liver preparations that CBC pretreatment did not alter microsomal enzyme function, suggesting CBC is metabolized by but does not inhibit these enzymes at pharmacologically relevant concentrations.supported

    CBC pretreatment had no effect on in vitro hepatic microsomal enzyme activity. 0306-3623(83)90007-3

clinical-evidence10 · 10 ok
  • CBC at 20 mg/kg reduced immobility in forced swim and tail suspension tests in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice, with efficacy comparable to imipramine at 15 mg/kgpartially supported

    CBC at 20 mg/kg reduced immobility in stressed mice, similar to imipramine. s00210-025-04236-2

  • Turner and ElSohly demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity superior to phenylbutazone in the foundational 1981 studysupported

    CBC was superior to phenylbutazone in anti-inflammatory activity (carrageenan rat paw edema and erythrocyte membrane stabilization). j.1552-4604.1981.tb02555.x

  • In human keratinocytes, CBC exerted anti-inflammatory effects via endocannabinoid system modulation and MAPK signalingsupported

    CBC blocked inflammation by reducing pro-inflammatory interleukins in LPS-stimulated human keratinocytes via ECS and MAPK signaling. ijms24032721

  • Maione et al. demonstrated that CBC modulates the descending antinociceptive pathway in anesthetized rats through multiple mechanisms of actionsupported

    CBD and CBC modulate TRP channels involved in nociception and the descending pain pathway in anaesthetized rats. j.1476-5381.2010.01063.x

  • Wang et al. demonstrated reduced seizure susceptibility and prolonged seizure latency in drug-induced seizure models, mechanistically linked to GABA_A positive allosteric modulationsupported

    CBC enhanced GABA-induced currents in Xenopus oocytes and mouse primary cortical neurons. V436 in beta2 subunit of GABAA receptor identified as critical binding site for CBC. j.fmre.2023.05.023

  • CBC demonstrates potent antibacterial activity against MRSA and other Gram-positive organismssupported

    All five major cannabinoids including CBC showed potent activity against MRSA strains. np8002673

  • Anti-biofilm activity against MRSA has been demonstrated, and synergistic bactericidal activity with silver nanoparticles against healthcare-associated pathogens has been reportedpartially supported

    Systematically evaluated antimicrobial amplification properties of cannabinoids including CBC to increase antimicrobial effect of silver against Gram-positive and Gram-negative HAI pathogens. lxag092

  • CBC exhibits cytotoxicity against multiple cancer cell lines in vitro: triple-negative breast cancer (synergy with β-caryophyllene), drug-resistant breast cancer (synergy with CBD), multiple myeloma, glioblastoma (with GPR55 involvement proposed), ER-positive breast cancer, and colon cancersupported

    CBC greatest potency among tested cannabinoids; synergistically reduced IC50 with beta-caryophyllene in TNBC. ijms27062730

  • CBC exhibits cytotoxicity against multiple cancer cell lines in vitro: triple-negative breast cancer (synergy with β-caryophyllene), drug-resistant breast cancer (synergy with CBD), multiple myeloma, glioblastoma (with GPR55 involvement proposed), ER-positive breast cancer, and colon cancersupported

    CBC inhibited MM cell growth and induced necrotic cell death; reduced invasion and bone resorption. biof.2078

  • CBC exhibits cytotoxicity against multiple cancer cell lines in vitro: triple-negative breast cancer (synergy with β-caryophyllene), drug-resistant breast cancer (synergy with CBD), multiple myeloma, glioblastoma (with GPR55 involvement proposed), ER-positive breast cancer, and colon cancersupported

    Synthetically obtained CBC induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells by modulating mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity and membrane integrity. cells13191616

summary8 · 7 ok
  • Unlike Δ⁹-THC, CBC exhibits negligible affinity for CB1 receptors (10–100× lower binding than THC) and does not produce intoxication or cannabimimetic discriminative stimulus in animal modelspartially supported

    CBC exhibited 10-100x lower CB1/CB2 affinity than THC. bs.pbr.2025.07.006

  • Unlike Δ⁹-THC, CBC exhibits negligible affinity for CB1 receptors (10–100× lower binding than THC) and does not produce intoxication or cannabimimetic discriminative stimulus in animal modelssupported

    Minor cannabinoids evaluated for THC-like psychoactivity in mouse THC drug discrimination and CB1/CB2 binding affinities. j.pnpbp.2024.110984

  • Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Early characterization identified CBC as the second most abundant cannabinoid in drug-type cannabis, with anti-inflammatory potency exceeding the NSAID phenylbutazonesupported

    CBC is the second most abundant cannabinoid in drug-type cannabis. CBC was superior to phenylbutazone in anti-inflammatory activity. j.1552-4604.1981.tb02555.x

  • CBC acts primarily through potent TRPA1 agonism followed by receptor desensitization, producing analgesia via nociceptor silencingpartially supported

    CBC, CBD and CBN were potent rat TRPA1 agonists. j.1476-5381.2010.01166.x

  • A second major mechanism — positive allosteric modulation of GABA_A receptors at the β2 subunit valine-436 residue — underlies its anti-seizure effectssupported

    V436 in beta2 subunit of GABAA receptor identified as critical binding site for CBC. j.fmre.2023.05.023

  • Additional activity includes inhibition of N-acylethanolamine acid amide hydrolase (NAAA) and blockade of anandamide cellular uptake, both elevating local endocannabinoid tone.supported

    CBC inhibited NAAA. CBC = CBG > CBD inhibited anandamide cellular uptake. j.1476-5381.2010.01166.x

  • Animal data indicate CBC potentiates CNS depressant-induced sedation through a pharmacodynamic (not pharmacokinetic) mechanism, warranting caution with co-administered sedativessupported

    Previously reported CBC potentiation of CNS depressant-induced hypnosis is not mediated by the hepatic microsomal enzyme system. 0306-3623(83)90007-3

comparative-pharmacology6 · 6 ok
  • CBC shows 10–100× lower binding at both receptors and does not produce cannabimimetic discriminative stimulus at doses up to 30 mg/kg in ratspartially supported

    CBC exhibited 10-100x lower CB1/CB2 affinity than THC. bs.pbr.2025.07.006

  • CBC shows 10–100× lower binding at both receptors and does not produce cannabimimetic discriminative stimulus at doses up to 30 mg/kg in ratspartially supported

    CBC and other minor cannabinoids had little effect on THC discriminative stimulus in rats. can.2023.0062

  • CBC acts primarily at TRPA1 and GABA_A (β2 subunit) with NAAA inhibition.partially supported

    CBC, CBD and CBN were potent rat TRPA1 agonists. CBC inhibited NAAA. j.1476-5381.2010.01166.x

  • A critical distinction: CBD is a significant CYP inhibitor (clinically relevant interactions with clobazam, warfarin, and others have been documented in humans), while CBC does not appear to inhibit CYP enzymessupported

    CBD+THC brownie inhibited CYP2C19 > CYP2C9 > CYP3A > CYP1A2 in 18 healthy adults. cpt.2973

  • CBC showed higher susceptibility to CYP-mediated transformation than CBD in recombinant enzyme screening, potentially resulting in faster hepatic clearance.supported

    CBC showed higher susceptibility to CYP-mediated transformation than other tested cannabinoids. j.taap.2023.116654

  • In the colitis-visceral pain model, CBC was effective only at subtherapeutic doses when combined with CBD, CBDV, and CBG, a finding consistent with the entourage effect hypothesis elaborated by Russosupported

    CBC combination with CBD, CBDV, CBG at subtherapeutic doses reduced visceral hypersensitivity. jpet.2025.103389

neuroscience5 · 5 ok
  • Monoaminergic effects: MAO-A inhibition in mouse brain tissue at 20 mg/kg would be expected to increase synaptic concentrations of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine — consistent with the antidepressant-like behavioral phenotype observed in the CUMS model.supported

    CBC at 20 mg/kg reduced immobility in stressed mice, similar to imipramine. Reduced corticosterone and MAO-A activity. s00210-025-04236-2

  • TRPA1-mediated nociceptive modulation: CBC's potent TRPA1 agonism affects nociceptive processing through the descending antinociceptive pathwaypartially supported

    CBC, CBD and CBN were potent rat TRPA1 agonists. j.1476-5381.2010.01166.x

  • GABAergic enhancement: CBC's positive allosteric modulation at GABA_A β2 subunits (V436) potentiates inhibitory neurotransmissionsupported

    CBC enhanced GABA-induced currents in Xenopus oocytes and mouse primary cortical neurons. V436 in beta2 subunit of GABAA receptor identified as critical binding site for CBC. j.fmre.2023.05.023

  • Neurogenesis: Zagožen et al. cite a potential in vitro effect of CBC on adult neural stem progenitor cells, but the primary source for this claim was not retrievable in the current researchsupported

    CBC shows anti-inflammatory effects, reduces gut hypermotility, has potential effect on adult neural stem progenitor cells. acph-2021-0021

  • CBC's subtherapeutic-dose efficacy in combination with other cannabinoids and its synergy with β-caryophyllene provide direct experimental support for this hypothesis.supported

    CBC combination with CBD, CBDV, CBG at subtherapeutic doses reduced visceral hypersensitivity. jpet.2025.103389

history4 · 3 ok
  • Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • CBCA synthase — the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase that cyclizes cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) into cannabichromenic acid (CBCA) — was identified and purified by Taura, Sirikantaramas, Shoyama, and colleagues in the early 2000ssupported

    CBCA synthase purified from Cannabis sativa. Biosynthetic pathways for THC, CBD and CBC established. 138920107781996823

  • Notably, CBCA is the first cannabinoid to accumulate in Cannabis seedlings after germination, suggesting a possible developmental or protective role in early plant growth.supported

    Cannabichromenic acid is the first cannabinoid accumulating in Cannabis seedlings after emergence. j.phytochem.2023.113793

  • Under acidic conditions, CBC undergoes photoisomerization to cannabicyclol (CBL), as demonstrated by Haghdoost et al. using Montmorillonite K30 clay in chloroform at room temperature (60% conversion yield)partially supported

    CBC converts to cannabicyclol (CBL) under acidic conditions. acs.jnatprod.4c00977

receptor-pharmacology4 · 3 ok
  • CBC exhibits 10–100× lower binding affinity for both CB1 and CB2 receptors compared to Δ⁹-THC, as established by a 2025 systematic review and meta-analysis of phytocannabinoid binding affinitiessupported

    Systematic review/meta-analysis of phytocannabinoid binding affinities. CBC exhibited 10-100x lower CB1/CB2 affinity than THC. bs.pbr.2025.07.006

  • An in silico molecular docking study reported CBC docking scores of −9.4 at CB2 receptors, nominally superior to CBD (−8.8) and THC (−9.1)partially supported

    CBC docking score -9.4 to CB2. s00210-025-04236-2

  • Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • In silico docking studies report CBC binding to GPR55, a putative non-canonical cannabinoid receptor implicated in CBC's anti-glioma cytotoxicitysupported

    CBC exhibited strong binding affinities for GPR55 and PINK1 in glioblastoma. ijms26125688

chemistry3 · 2 ok
  • Claim in chemistry — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →

  • Calcaterra et al. demonstrated that the enantiomeric composition is genetically determined, linked to differential expression of CBCA synthase isoforms and associated proteins with antipodal enantiospecificitysupported

    CBC occurs in Cannabis as a scalemate with strain-dependent enantiomeric composition. Genetic basis linked to CBCA-synthase isoforms. acs.jnatprod.2c01139

  • CBCA is the first cannabinoid to accumulate in cannabis seedlings after germination, preceding both THCA and CBDAsupported

    Cannabichromenic acid is the first cannabinoid accumulating in Cannabis seedlings after emergence. j.phytochem.2023.113793

pharmacokinetic-detail3 · 3 ok
  • Co-administration of CBC (10 mg/kg i.p.) with CBD (20 mg/kg i.p.) in rats produced mutual increases in C_max and AUC without altering T_max, consistent with competitive substrate interaction at shared CYP isoforms (likely CYP2C8 and CYP2C19)partially supported

    Co-administration increased Cmax and AUC. s13346-026-02057-1

  • Rysanek et al. conducted pharmacokinetic studies in jugular vein cannulated and mesenteric lymph duct cannulated rats to characterize oral CBC absorptionsupported

    Nanoemulsion led to 3-fold increase in absolute bioavailability of CBC via lymph and 8-fold increase via portal vein. Intestinal lymphatic transport plays major role in CBC absorption. acs.molpharmaceut.4c01357

  • Recombinant human CYP screening by Havlasek et al. identified six primary CYP isoforms responsible for CBC hydroxylation: CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4supported

    CYPs 1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4 involved in CBC hydroxylation. j.taap.2023.116654

3Sources

46 consumed · sorted by year · feeds = sections resting on it

Sources 1 to 30
yearsourcetierstatusfeeds
2026Anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of minor cannabinoids in vivoVanegas SO, Gamage TF, Maturano J, Sarlah D, Kinsey SG · Journal of Cannabis Researchdoi:10.1186/s42238-025-00384-7moderateconsumedcited only
2026Broad-spectrum bactericidal synergy of silver-cannabichromene-cannabigerol triple combinations against healthcare-associated pathogensDietrich CH, Dugourd D, Heidarpanah S, Loveless MO, Dosanjh M, Thompson CJ, Granville DJ, Lambert DM · Journal of Applied Microbiologydoi:10.1093/jambio/lxag092moderateconsumed1 section
2026Pharmacokinetic studies and synergistic antitumor effects of cannabichromene and cannabidiol in drug-resistant breast cancersAare M, Padakanti SC, Bagde A, Lazarte JM, Dev S, Lewis C, Singh M · Drug Delivery and Translational Researchdoi:10.1007/s13346-026-02057-1moderateconsumed3 sections
2026Synergistic Anticancer Activity of Cannabinoids and Terpenes Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer ResistanceAare M, Lazarte JM, Nathani A, Boirie B, Turley TN, Copland JA, Singh M · International Journal of Molecular Sciencesdoi:10.3390/ijms27062730moderateconsumed2 sections
2025An Unexpected Activity of a Minor Cannabinoid: Cannabicyclol (CBL) Is a Potent Positive Allosteric Modulator of Serotonin 5-HT1A ReceptorHaghdoost M, DePorre Y, Figi M, Young S, Krebs C, Bonn-Miller MO · Journal of Natural Productsdoi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00977moderateconsumed1 section
2025Antiepileptic activity and potential mechanism of full-spectrum hemp extract.Jin Z, Huang Z · Fundamental researchdoi:10.1016/j.fmre.2024.11.002moderateconsumed1 section
2025Cannabichromene CBC legal status - hemp-derived cannabinoids under 2018 Farm BillHarbor City Hempurl:afef4e6d7da9f3d4weakconsumedcited only
2025Cannabichromene, a key non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid in treatment of major depressive disorder: in silico and in vivo explorationsSharma A, Singh R, Virmani T, Chouhan NK, Kapoor G, Kumar G, Bhutani R, Rana N, Sharma S · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacologydoi:10.1007/s00210-025-04236-2moderateconsumed5 sections
2025Chemical diversity, receptor binding affinity, and pharmacology of phytocannabinoids: Insights into neuronal mechanisms.Queiroz CM, de Oliveira Koren L, da Silva CRP, Ribeiro S, Silva SRB · Progress in Brain Researchdoi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2025.07.006strongconsumed4 sections
2025Design and synthesis of amphiphilic cannabichromene derivatives with antimicrobial potentialDong H, Che Y, Xu Y, Kou D, Wang W, Zhou W, Tan F, Song T, Jiang W · Bioorganic Chemistrydoi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2025.109184moderateconsumedcited only
2025Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of membrane-active cannabichromene derivatives as potent antibacterial agentsLong B, Wang N, Hou Z, Shi H, Che Y, Wang Y, Peng T, Mao Y, Luo T, Mei L, Dong H · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistrydoi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117888moderateconsumedcited only
2025Effect of Quantitative Structural Properties and Drug Formulation in Four Cannabinoids on Their Lymphatic Transport after Enteral Administration in RatsRysanek P, Jelinek P, Housar H, Kozlik P, Krizek T, Novakova A, Sklarova M, et al. · Molecular Pharmaceuticsdoi:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c01357moderateconsumed2 sections
2025Entourage effects of nonpsychotropic cannabinoids on visceral sensitivity in experimental colitisSvendsen K, Bradaia A, Gandini MA, Defaye M, Matisz C, Abdullah NS, Gruber A, Zamponi GW, Sharkey KA, Altier C · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeuticsdoi:10.1124/jpet.2025.103389moderateconsumed3 sections
2025Evaluating the Antitumor Potential of Cannabichromene, Cannabigerol, and Related Compounds from Cannabis sativa and Piper nigrum Against Malignant GliomaTurizo Smith AD, Montoya Moreno N, Rodriguez-Garcia JA, Marin-Loaiza JC, Arboleda Bustos G · International Journal of Molecular Sciencesdoi:10.3390/ijms26125688moderateconsumed1 section
2025Impact of minor cannabinoids on key pharmacological targets of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.Almeida CF, Correia-da-Silva G, Ribeiro AP, Teixeira N, Amaral C · Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipidsdoi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2025.159658moderateconsumedcited only
2025The anti-biofilm activity of cannabinoids against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Kwong PTH, Das T, Arnold JC, Chan HK, Kwok PCL · Journal of applied microbiologydoi:10.1093/jambio/lxaf214moderateconsumedcited only
2024Anticancer effect of minor phytocannabinoids in preclinical models of multiple myelomaAguzzi C, Zeppa L, Morelli MB, Marinelli O, Giangrossi M, Amantini C, Santoni G, Sazzad H, Nabissi M · BioFactorsdoi:10.1002/biof.2078moderateconsumed1 section
2024Cannabichromene from full-spectrum hemp extract exerts acute anti-seizure effects through allosteric activation of GABAA receptors.Wang Z, Zheng H, Yang H, et al. · Fundamental researchdoi:10.1016/j.fmre.2023.05.023moderateconsumed5 sections
2024Cannabinoids as Antibacterial Agents: A Systematic and Critical Review of In Vitro Efficacy Against Streptococcus and StaphylococcusNiyangoda D, Aung ML, Qader M, Tesfaye W, Bushell M, Chiong F, Tsai D, Ahmad D, Samarawickrema I, Sinnollareddy M, Thomas J · Antibioticsdoi:10.3390/antibiotics13111023strongconsumedcited only
2024Evaluation of cannabimimetic effects of selected minor cannabinoids and Terpenoids in mice.Wiley JL, Marusich JA, Blough BE, et al. · Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatrydoi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110984moderateconsumed2 sections
2024Exploring the Potential of Synthetic Cannabinoids: Modulation of Biological Activity of Normal and Cancerous Human Colon Epithelial CellsPaduch R, Szwaczko K, Dziuba K, Wiater A · Cellsdoi:10.3390/cells13191616moderateconsumed1 section
2024Identification and Characterization of Cannabichromene's Major Metabolite Following Incubation with Human Liver MicrosomesWard AM, Shokati T, Klawitter J, Klawitter J, Nguyen V, Kozell L, Abbas AI, Jones D, Christians U · Metabolitesdoi:10.3390/metabo14060329moderateconsumed1 section
2023Evaluation of Cytochrome P450-Mediated Cannabinoid-Drug Interactions in Healthy Adult ParticipantsBansal S et al. · Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeuticsdoi:10.1002/cpt.2973moderateconsumed1 section
2023Evaluation of the Modulatory Effects of Minor Cannabinoids and Terpenes on Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Discrimination in RatsMoore CF, Marusich J, Haghdoost M, Lefever TW, Bonn-Miller MO, Weerts EM · Cannabis and Cannabinoid Researchdoi:10.1089/can.2023.0062moderateconsumed2 sections
2023Hepatic biotransformation of non-psychotropic phytocannabinoids and activity screening on cytochromes P450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases.Havlasek J, Vrba J, Zatloukalova M, et al. · Toxicology and applied pharmacologydoi:10.1016/j.taap.2023.116654moderateconsumed4 sections
2023Natural Cannabichromene (CBC) Shows Distinct Scalemicity Grades and Enantiomeric Dominance in Cannabis sativa StrainsCalcaterra A, Cianfoni G, Tortora C, Manetto S, Grassi G, Botta B, Gasparrini F, Mazzoccanti G, Appendino G · Journal of Natural Productsdoi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c01139moderateconsumed1 section
2023Phytocannabinoids biosynthesis during early stages of development of young Cannabis sativa L. seedlingsFulvio F, Mandolino G, Citti C, Pecchioni N, Cannazza G, Paris R · Phytochemistrydoi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113793moderateconsumed2 sections
2023Rare Phytocannabinoids Exert Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Human Keratinocytes via the Endocannabinoid System and MAPK Signaling PathwayTortolani D, Di Meo C, Standoli S, et al. · International Journal of Molecular Sciencesdoi:10.3390/ijms24032721strongconsumed1 section
2023The Mechanism of Cannabichromene and Cannabidiol Alone Versus in Combination in the Alleviation of Arthritis-Related InflammationGrogan G, Stephens K, Chou J, Timko MP, Cottler P, DeGeorge BR · Annals of Plastic Surgerydoi:10.1097/sap.0000000000003547moderateconsumedcited only
2022Effects of Rare Phytocannabinoids on the Endocannabinoid System of Human KeratinocytesDi Meo C, Tortolani D, Standoli S, et al. · International Journal of Molecular Sciencesdoi:10.3390/ijms23105430strongconsumedcited only
Show all 46 sources — 16 more
Sources 31 to 46
yearsourcetierstatusfeeds
2021A potential role for cannabichromene in modulating TRP channels during acute respiratory distress syndromeKhodadadi H, Salles EL, Shin E, Jarrahi A, Costigliola V, Kumar P, Yu JC, Morgan JC, Hess DC, Vaibhav K, Dhandapani KM, Baban B · Journal of Cannabis Researchdoi:10.1186/s42238-021-00101-0moderateconsumedcited only
2021Cannabigerol and cannabichromene in Cannabis sativa L.Zagozen M, Cerenak A, Kreft S · Acta Pharmaceuticadoi:10.2478/acph-2021-0021moderateconsumed1 section
2016Differential effectiveness of selected non-psychotropic phytocannabinoids on human sebocyte functions implicates their introduction in dry/seborrhoeic skin and acne treatmentOlah A, Markovics A, Szabo-Papp J, Szabo PT, Stott C, Zouboulis CC, Biro T · Experimental Dermatologydoi:10.1111/exd.13042moderateconsumed1 section
2016Phytocannabinoids: a unified critical inventoryHanus LO, Meyer S, Munoz E, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Appendino G · Natural Product Reportsdoi:10.1039/c6np00074fstrongconsumedcited only
2014Differences in receptor binding affinity of several phytocannabinoids do not explain their effects on neural cell cultures.Rosenthaler S, Pöhn B, Kolmanz C, Huu CN, Krewenka C, Huber A, Kranner B, Rausch WD, Moldzio R · Neurotoxicology and teratologydoi:10.1016/j.ntt.2014.09.003moderateconsumed1 section
2012Inhibitory effect of cannabichromene, a major non-psychotropic cannabinoid extracted from Cannabis sativa, on inflammation-induced hypermotility in miceIzzo AA, Capasso R, Aviello G, Borrelli F, Romano B, Piscitelli F, Gallo L, Capasso F, Orlando P, Di Marzo V · British Journal of Pharmacologydoi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01879.xmoderateconsumed1 section
2011Effects of cannabinoids and cannabinoid-enriched Cannabis extracts on TRP channels and endocannabinoid metabolic enzymesDe Petrocellis L, Ligresti A, Moriello AS, et al. · British Journal of Pharmacologydoi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01166.xmoderateconsumed5 sections
2011Non-psychoactive cannabinoids modulate the descending pathway of antinociception in anaesthetized rats through several mechanisms of actionMaione S, Piscitelli F, Gatta L, Vita D, De Petrocellis L, Palazzo E, de Novellis V, Di Marzo V · British Journal of Pharmacologydoi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01063.xmoderateconsumed1 section
2011Taming THC: potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid-terpenoid entourage effectsRusso EB · British Journal of Pharmacologydoi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01238.xmoderateconsumed1 section
2008Antibacterial cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa: a structure-activity study.Appendino G, Gibbons S, Giana A, Pagani A, Grassi G, Stavri M, Smith E, Rahman MM · Journal of natural productsdoi:10.1021/np8002673moderateconsumed1 section
2007Recent advances in Cannabis sativa research: biosynthetic studies and its potential in biotechnologySirikantaramas S, Taura F, Morimoto S, Shoyama Y · Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnologydoi:10.2174/138920107781996823moderateconsumed2 sections
1983Direct antigonadal activity of cannabinoids: suppression of rat granulosa cell functionsAdashi EY, Jones PB, Hsueh AJ · The American Journal of Physiologydoi:10.1152/ajpendo.1983.245.1.e4moderateconsumedcited only
1983Effect of cannabichromene on hepatic microsomal enzyme activity in the mouseKapeghian JC, Jones AB, Murphy JC, Elsohly MA, Turner CE · General Pharmacologydoi:10.1016/0306-3623(83)90007-3moderateconsumed3 sections
1981Biological activity of cannabichromene, its homologs and isomersTurner CE, Elsohly MA · Journal of Clinical Pharmacologydoi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb02555.xmoderateconsumed2 sections
1977Effects of cannabinoids on macromolecular synthesis and replication of cultured lymphocytesNahas GG, Morishima A, Desoize B · Federation Proceedingsdoi:10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00012moderateconsumed1 section
1966Cannabichromene, a new active principle in hashishGaoni Y, Mechoulam R · Chemical Communications (London)doi:10.1039/c19660000020insufficientconsumed2 sections

4Docket

one filing per activity — decisions, correspondence, reports

  1. 0012026-05-11revisionRevision 1

    Initial LLM generation (v5 pipeline, wiki, prose phase)

    psx:substance/cbc/version/1
  2. 0022026-06-04proposal21 value proposals approved together

    one review action inferred from a shared reviewer and instant — the graph records one activity per proposal

    21 items in this filing

    • contraindication · neurological
    • contraindication · other
    • contraindication · pregnancy_breastfeeding
    • contraindication · neurological
    • toxicity
    • dependence · full
    • withdrawal
    • tolerance
    • dosage · oral
    • duration · oral · onset
    • duration · oral · peak
    • duration · oral · total
    • dose_tier · threshold
    • dose_tier · light
    • dose_tier · common
    • dose_tier · strong
    • dose_tier · heavy
    • timeline · oral · onset
    • timeline · oral · peak
    • timeline · oral · resolution
    psx:substance/cbc/proposal/contraindication/164b07ab-82e2-49df-a62e-eca5d96f2fdc
  3. 0032026-06-04publicationPublication — backfill

5Issued documents

what the notice, info card and emergency page said, by hash

Issued documents
documentcontent hashissuedfrom versionsuperseded
emergency7386375eac1334714f070b93…2026-10-19 20:31Revision 1current
info_card07d2bc76aace340faa00bbc5…2026-10-19 20:31Revision 1current
emergency207cf682e28a91d88136b9a2…2026-09-04 04:29Revision 1superseded2026-10-19
info_card6afe25c58384cc3c9acb7907…2026-09-04 04:29Revision 1superseded2026-10-19
notice6cc1eca3752c8ad4ae4d5c0c…2026-09-04 04:29Revision 1current