generation run 2026-05-03
58 min completedmodel pipeline-v5plan not recordedrun/717e62c5…Selection
Verification
- record
- seen / partial
- working
The model's own caveats
none raised on this run
Reproduce
- inputs
- 22 source keys (listed under Sources)
- plan
- not recorded — template version, prompt hash and git SHA are written from 2026-09 onward
- model
- pipeline-v5
- streams
- none — agent transcripts are persisted from 2026-09 onward
17 searches — query, source, results, what was kept and why
| # | source | query | seen | kept | rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | PubMed | ololiuqui ergot alkaloid lysergic acid psychedelic Hofmann | 1 | 1 | Seminal discovery paper - first isolation of ergine from ololiuqui |
| 2 | OpenAlex | LSA ergine lysergic acid amide psychedelic pharmacology | 10 | 2 | — |
| 3 | PubMed · absence | lysergic acid amide ergine pharmacology receptor binding | 0 | — | — |
| 4 | OpenAlex | ergine lysergic acid amide ololiuqui morning glory Ipomoea alkaloids | 7 | 3 | Core botanical and mycological context for LSA sources |
| 5 | PubChem | lysergic acid amide | 1 | 1 | Primary chemical identity verification |
| 6 | PubMed | LSD analogs binding 5-HT2A serotonin receptor Ki psychedelic | 4 | 2 | — |
| 7 | ClinicalTrials.gov · absence | LSA lysergic acid amide ergine | 0 | — | — |
| 8 | WebSearch | LSA ergine legal status scheduling DEA United States analog act | 10 | — | — |
| 9 | PubMed | Argyreia nervosa Hawaiian baby woodrose psychoactive ergoline | 2 | 2 | Both directly relevant to LSA sources and safety |
| 10 | PubMed | cluster headache psychedelic LSD psilocybin lysergamide treatment | 1 | 1 | Directly names LSA as therapeutic agent for cluster headache |
| 11 | Erowid | LSA legal status countries | 8 | — | — |
| 12 | PubMed | posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome PRES psychedelic hallucinogen | 1 | 1 | Only published case of PRES directly attributed to LSA |
| 13 | PubMed | tolerance cross-tolerance psychedelic 5-HT2A downregulation | 2 | 2 | — |
| 14 | WebSearch | LSA ergine legal status United Kingdom Germany Australia Canada | 10 | 2 | — |
| 15 | OpenAlex | psychedelic Eleusinian Mysteries LSA ergine kykeon ergot | 5 | 1 | — |
| 16 | WebSearch | ergine Ki binding affinity 5-HT2A PDSP | 10 | 2 | — |
| 17 | WebSearch | ergine SMILES CAS physical properties melting point | 10 | 3 | — |
76 claims by section — every cited sentence, checked against its source
safety18 · 11 ok
Hypertension is documented across multiple case reports.supported
PRES induced by LSA ingestion with concurrent status epilepticus. First documented case of PRES caused by LSA. s12028-008-9096-5
The most severe documented neurological complication is Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) with concurrent status epilepticus, reported by Legriel et al. (2008)supported
PRES induced by LSA ingestion with concurrent status epilepticus. First documented case of PRES caused by LSA. s12028-008-9096-5
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Hypertension is documented across multiple case reports.supported
Adverse outcomes: psychosis, hypertension, hospitalization. pharmacy13040098
Paulke et al. (2014) quantified LSA in Argyreia nervosa products and found 3–15 µg per raw seed and up to ~34 µg per commercial encapsulated unit, with 8.6-fold inter-product variabilitysupported
Concentration varies 3-15 ug per raw seed to ~34 ug per capsule. 8.6-fold inter-product variability. j.forsciint.2014.06.025
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Acute psychological distress, hallucinations, and impaired reality testing are documented in case reportssupported
Unintended psychic effects. Notes LSA is freely available under plant names. j.therap.2017.01.012
French pharmacovigilance data recorded 4 cases in 2016 involving "unintended psychic effects," with 2 requiring hospitalization.supported
French pharmacovigilance case series: 4 LSA cases reported in 2016 to Toulouse Addictovigilance Centre; 2 required hospitalization. Unintended psychic effects. j.therap.2017.01.012
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
De la Fuente Revenga et al. (2022) confirmed that tolerance to the head twitch response develops rapidly — including after single dosing — and involves 5-HT₂A receptor activation.partially supported
Repeated psychedelic administration causes progressive HTR tolerance via 5-HT2AR downregulation. acschemneuro.2c00170
Cross-tolerance between psychedelics sharing the 5-HT₂A mechanism (LSD ↔ DOI) is establishedsupported
Cross-tolerance between DOI and LSD confirmed. acschemneuro.2c00170
Combination with triptans, ergotamine derivatives, or sympathomimetic stimulants compounds the ergoline-class vasoconstriction risk, potentially increasing the probability of hypertensive crisis or cerebrovascular events such as PRES.supported
PRES induced by LSA ingestion with concurrent status epilepticus. First documented case of PRES caused by LSA. Highlights severe neurological risk. s12028-008-9096-5
Hypertension and cardiovascular disease: Ergoline-class vasoconstriction is documented via case reports of hypertension and PRES.supported
PRES induced by LSA ingestion with concurrent status epilepticus. Highlights severe neurological risk. s12028-008-9096-5
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Seizure disorders: The PRES case involved status epilepticus, suggesting seizure threshold lowering is possible.supported
PRES induced by LSA ingestion with concurrent status epilepticus. s12028-008-9096-5
pharmacology14 · 6 ok
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
LSA exerts its psychoactive effects primarily through agonism at the serotonin 5-HT₂A receptor — the canonical target shared by classical psychedelics including LSD, psilocin, and DMTsupported
Receptor profiling of LSA (ergine) and related ergot alkaloids from Argyreia nervosa by computational docking and radioligand binding assays. Directly measures binding affinities of LSA at serotonin and other receptor subtypes. j.jep.2013.04.044
Radioligand binding assays using Argyreia nervosa-derived LSA yielded Ki ≈ 28 nM (pKi ≈ 7.56) at 5-HT₂A and Ki ≈ 10 nM (pKi ≈ 7.99) at 5-HT₁Asupported
Receptor profiling of LSA (ergine) and related ergot alkaloids from Argyreia nervosa by computational docking and radioligand binding assays. Directly measures binding affinities of LSA at serotonin and other receptor subtypes. j.jep.2013.04.044
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Absorption: Onset of effects from seed ingestion occurs at 30–180 minutes, a range reflecting variable oral absorption affected by seed matrix composition, gastric motility, and alkaloid extraction efficiencysupported
Systematic review of 17 human studies on LSA. Highlights variability from seed consumption and online misinformation. pharmacy13040098
Metabolism: Klinke et al. (2010) identified a 2-hydroxy-3-oxo metabolite of LSA in urine following fatal ingestion of Argyreia nervosa seedssupported
2-hydroxy-3-oxo metabolites identified in urine. Concurrent cannabis and ethanol in deceased. j.forsciint.2009.11.017
This metabolic transformation closely parallels the 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD (O-H-LSD) metabolite of LSD, which is produced by CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2E1, and CYP3A4supported
CYP1A2, 2C9, 2E1, 3A4 produce 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD. j.bcp.2019.04.013
Blood concentrations: The only published human blood concentrations for LSA derive from a forensic case: 4.9 µg/L in a deceased individual and 1.8 µg/L in a survivor, measured by UPLC-ToF/MS following Argyreia nervosa seed ingestion.supported
LSA blood concentrations: 4.9 ug/L (deceased), 1.8 ug/L (survivor). j.forsciint.2009.11.017
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
summary10 · 8 ok
LSA is approximately 10–25× less potent than LSD at serotonin receptors (Ki ≈ 28 nM vs. 0.5–5 nM at 5-HT₂A), with a total duration of 4–10 hours and a notably more sedating character than its diethylamide analog.partially supported
Receptor profiling of LSA (ergine) and related ergot alkaloids from Argyreia nervosa by computational docking and radioligand binding assays. Directly measures binding affinities of LSA at serotonin and other receptor subtypes. j.jep.2013.04.044
LSA is approximately 10–25× less potent than LSD at serotonin receptors (Ki ≈ 28 nM vs. 0.5–5 nM at 5-HT₂A), with a total duration of 4–10 hours and a notably more sedating character than its diethylamide analog.partially supported
Systematic review of 17 human studies on LSA. Effects: euphoria, hallucinations, nausea, anxiety. Adverse outcomes: psychosis, hypertension, hospitalization. Evidence for cluster headache therapy. Highlights variability from seed consumption and online misinformation. pharmacy13040098
Despite this historical significance and ongoing recreational use — particularly via commercially available seeds — no controlled clinical trial has been registered for LSA for any indicationsupported
Systematic review of 17 human studies on LSA. Effects: euphoria, hallucinations, nausea, anxiety. Adverse outcomes: psychosis, hypertension, hospitalization. Evidence for cluster headache therapy. Highlights variability from seed consumption and online misinformation. pharmacy13040098
LSA acts as a partial agonist at 5-HT₂A (Ki ≈ 28 nM) and 5-HT₁A (Ki ≈ 10 nM) receptors, with additional D2 dopamine receptor stimulation that contributes to its prominent emetic effectspartially supported
Receptor profiling of LSA (ergine) and related ergot alkaloids from Argyreia nervosa by computational docking and radioligand binding assays. Directly measures binding affinities of LSA at serotonin and other receptor subtypes. j.jep.2013.04.044
Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
The subjective experience is characterized by euphoria, visual hallucinations, sedation, nausea, and muscle weakness, with relative prominence of sedative and somatic effects compared to LSDsupported
Effects: euphoria, hallucinations, nausea, anxiety. pharmacy13040098
The most severe documented complication is Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) with status epilepticus, attributed to ergoline-class vasoconstrictionsupported
PRES induced by LSA ingestion with concurrent status epilepticus. First documented case of PRES caused by LSA. Highlights severe neurological risk. s12028-008-9096-5
Tolerance develops rapidly through 5-HT₂A receptor downregulation, with cross-tolerance expected across classical psychedelicssupported
Repeated psychedelic administration causes progressive HTR tolerance via 5-HT2AR downregulation. Cross-tolerance between DOI and LSD confirmed. acschemneuro.2c00170
Seed-based dosing is inherently unreliable: alkaloid content varies 3–34 µg per unit across preparations, and co-alkaloids including ergometrine introduce additional vasoconstrictive and uterotonic riskspartially supported
LSA dominates at 83-84% of total alkaloids. Concentration varies 3-15 ug per raw seed to ~34 ug per capsule. 8.6-fold inter-product variability. j.forsciint.2014.06.025
history9 · 4 ok
Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Antonopoulos et al. demonstrated that ergopeptides from Claviceps purpurea can be converted to LSA (0.54 mg/g ergot) and iso-LSA (0.48 mg/g ergot) via alkaline lye treatment at pH 12.5, a technique feasible with ancient technologysupported
Demonstrates chemical transformation of toxic ergopeptides in ergot to LSA (0.54 mg/g) and iso-LSA (0.48 mg/g) via lye treatment at pH 12.5. s41598-026-39568-3
Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
LSA gained renewed attention in the 2000s–2010s as a "legal high," with Hawaiian baby woodrose (Argyreia nervosa) and morning glory seeds marketed through online vendorssupported
Notes LSA is freely available under plant names. j.therap.2017.01.012
French pharmacovigilance data from 2016 recorded four adverse event cases, two requiring hospitalizationsupported
French pharmacovigilance case series: 4 LSA cases reported in 2016 to Toulouse Addictovigilance Centre; 2 required hospitalization. j.therap.2017.01.012
Survey data from the Clusterbusters Medication Use Survey identified LSA among the indoleamine hallucinogens used by cluster headache sufferers for prophylactic treatment, representing a rare example of a putative therapeutic applicationsupported
Survey of 496 cluster headache patients. LSA, psilocybin, and LSD rated as effective as or better than conventional treatments. 02791072.2015.1107664
chemistry8 · 1 ok
Claim in chemistry — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in chemistry — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
The diethylamide substitution of LSD confers approximately 10–25× greater potency at 5-HT₂A compared to the unsubstituted amide of LSAsupported
Receptor profiling of LSA (ergine) and related ergot alkaloids from Argyreia nervosa by computational docking and radioligand binding assays. Directly measures binding affinities of LSA at serotonin and other receptor subtypes. j.jep.2013.04.044
Claim in chemistry — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in chemistry — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in chemistry — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in chemistry — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in chemistry — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
receptor-pharmacology6 · 2 ok
The sole published binding data for LSA derive from Paulke et al. (2013), who performed radioligand binding assays and computational docking using LSA isolated from Argyreia nervosa.supported
Receptor profiling of LSA (ergine) and related ergot alkaloids from Argyreia nervosa by computational docking and radioligand binding assays. Directly measures binding affinities of LSA at serotonin and other receptor subtypes. j.jep.2013.04.044
No EC50, k_off, or functional assay data (phosphoinositide hydrolysis, calcium mobilization, β-arrestin recruitment) exist for LSA itself.supported
Receptor profiling of LSA (ergine) and related ergot alkaloids from Argyreia nervosa by computational docking and radioligand binding assays. j.jep.2013.04.044
Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
neuroscience3 · 0 ok
pharmacokinetic-detail3 · 3 ok
This is compounded by the extreme variability in alkaloid content across seed preparations (3–34 µg LSA per unit), making pharmacokinetic characterization from naturalistic use essentially impossiblesupported
Concentration varies 3-15 ug per raw seed to ~34 ug per capsule. 8.6-fold inter-product variability. j.forsciint.2014.06.025
The 2-hydroxy-3-oxo metabolite of LSA identified in urine parallels the 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD (O-H-LSD) metabolite of LSDsupported
2-hydroxy-3-oxo metabolites identified in urine. j.forsciint.2009.11.017
For LSD, this transformation is mediated by CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2E1, and CYP3A4supported
CYP1A2, 2C9, 2E1, 3A4 produce 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD. j.bcp.2019.04.013
clinical-evidence2 · 1 ok
Claim in clinical-evidence — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
The 2025 systematic review confirmed the complete absence of controlled clinical data, noting that all 17 included human studies consisted of case reports, pharmacovigilance data, and observational accounts.supported
Systematic review of 17 human studies on LSA. Effects: euphoria, hallucinations, nausea, anxiety. Adverse outcomes: psychosis, hypertension, hospitalization. Evidence for cluster headache therapy. pharmacy13040098
comparative-pharmacology2 · 1 ok
The 5-HT₁A/5-HT₂A selectivity ratio favors 5-HT₁A more strongly for LSA than for LSD, which likely accounts for the sedating quality consistently reported by userssupported
Receptor profiling of LSA (ergine) and related ergot alkaloids from Argyreia nervosa by computational docking and radioligand binding assays. Directly measures binding affinities of LSA at serotonin and other receptor subtypes. j.jep.2013.04.044
Claim in comparative-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
effects-overview1 · 0 ok
Claim in effects-overview — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →