generation run 2026-05-11
53 min completedmodel pipeline-v5plan not recordedrun/906952a8…Selection
Verification
- record
- seen / partial
- working
The model's own caveats
4 further caveats recorded as free text — readable on the working page
Reproduce
- inputs
- 16 source keys (listed under Sources)
- plan
- not recorded — template version, prompt hash and git SHA are written from 2026-09 onward
- model
- pipeline-v5
- streams
- none — agent transcripts are persisted from 2026-09 onward
21 searches — query, source, results, what was kept and why
| # | source | query | seen | kept | rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ClinicalTrials.gov · absence | allylescaline | 0 | 0 | — |
| 2 | WebSearch · absence | allylescaline forensic toxicology case report adverse effects intoxication | 0 | 0 | — |
| 3 | PubMed | allylescaline phenethylamine psychedelic | 15 | 0 | — |
| 4 | PubMed | phenethylamine serotonin 2A receptor agonist hallucinogen potency drug discrimination | 3 | 2 | Relevant for phenethylamine 5-HT2A pharmacology context. |
| 5 | OpenAlex | PiHKAL Shulgin phenethylamine synthesis psychedelic | 67 | 2 | Relevant for 2C-series pharmacology context and designer drug classification. |
| 6 | PubChem | allylescaline | 1 | 1 | Primary chemical identity verification; all data matches brief seed data. |
| 7 | OpenAlex | allylescaline mescaline analog phenethylamine | 2 | 2 | Directly relevant: NMR characterization of mescaline analogs from grey-market samples, potentially including allylescaline. |
| 8 | WebSearch | allylescaline UK law 2017 psychoactive substances act legal status Europe Australia | 10 | 3 | Legal status across major jurisdictions confirmed. |
| 9 | Erowid | PiHKAL entry #2 AL allylescaline | 1 | 1 | Primary source for Shulgin's self-experiment data and historical attribution. |
| 10 | PubMed | mescaline analogue 3,5-dimethoxy-4-alkoxyhenethylamine receptor binding serotonin | 7 | 2 | Directly relevant to mescaline-class pharmacology and 5-HT2A receptor binding, providing important class context for allylescaline. |
| 11 | CountYourCulture/IsomerDesign | Leminger 1972 scalines allylescaline history | 1 | 2 | Essential for first-described history of allylescaline. |
| 12 | PubMed | mescaline pharmacokinetics metabolism human bioavailability oral | 1 | 1 | Most relevant PK paper for mescaline class; directly applicable to allylescaline as closest structural analog. |
| 13 | WebSearch | allylescaline PiHKAL Shulgin mescaline analog pharmacology | 10 | 3 | Key secondary sources for historical context, dosing, and effects. |
| 14 | Cayman Chemical | allylescaline hydrochloride CAS physical properties | 1 | 2 | CAS number verification and toxicity disclaimer for safety section. |
| 15 | Multiple · absence | allylescaline seed data vs published sources | 0 | 0 | Verification of brief data integrity. |
| 16 | WebSearch | allylescaline physical properties melting point solubility hydrochloride | 10 | 2 | Physical property data for chemical identity section. |
| 17 | PubMed | PMID 35900876 tolerance cross-tolerance psychedelic 5-HT2A | 1 | 1 | Directly relevant for allylescaline tolerance and cross-tolerance section. |
| 18 | WebSearch | allylescaline new psychoactive substance EMCDDA 2013 Europe | 10 | 1 | Regulatory/market history context. |
| 19 | PubMed | PMID 14761703 Nichols 2004 Hallucinogens | 1 | 1 | Canonical pharmacology reference for 5-HT2A agonist mechanism applicable to allylescaline as a phenethylamine psychedelic. |
| 20 | PubMed | PMID 41977267 mescaline ethnopharmacology psychiatric systematic review | 1 | 1 | Provides class-level adverse effect profile for mescaline directly applicable to allylescaline. |
| 21 | PubMed | PMID 1969270 LSD downregulates serotonin2 receptors | 1 | 1 | Important for mescaline-class tolerance mechanism; mescaline's tolerance mechanism may differ from indole hallucinogens. |
64 claims by section — every cited sentence, checked against its source
safety22 · 8 ok
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
The most relevant class-level safety data derives from a systematic review of mescaline across 66 studies, which identified hypertension, headache, nausea, and vomiting as the most commonly reported adverse effectssupported
Systematic review of 66 studies (10 suitable for analysis). Common AEs: hypertension, headache, nausea, vomiting. ijms27073081
The broader phenethylamine designer drug class (primarily 2C-series compounds) has been associated with hallucinations, agitation, aggression, dysphoria, hypertension, tachycardia, seizures, hyperthermia, and — in fatal cases — excited-deliriumsupported
Excited delirium common among fatalities. Sympathomimetic and serotonin toxicity presentations. s13181-013-0295-x
Five deaths attributed to 2C-series drugs appear in published literature; however, these involve the 2,5-dimethoxy substituted 2C series rather than the 3,5-dimethoxy scaline series and are not directly comparable.supported
At least 5 deaths reported; excited delirium common among fatalities. s13181-013-0295-x
Class-level risks for phenethylamine psychedelics include:supported
Hallucinogens are physiologically safe and do not produce dependence or addiction. They stimulate 5-HT2A receptors especially on neocortical pyramidal cells. pmid:14761703
Phenethylamine psychedelics, including the mescaline class, do not produce physical-dependence or addictionsupported
Hallucinogens are physiologically safe and do not produce dependence or addiction. pmid:14761703
De la Fuente Revenga et al. demonstrated tolerance in mice after a single administration of doi within 24 hours, with cross-tolerance to lsdsupported
Tolerance after single dose. Cross-tolerance between DOI and LSD. acschemneuro.2c00170
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Cross-tolerance: Cross-tolerance between serotonergic psychedelics acting at 5-ht2a is establishedsupported
Cross-tolerance between DOI and LSD. No cross-tolerance with non-psychedelic 5-HT2AR agonist lisuride. acschemneuro.2c00170
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Severe cardiovascular disease (relative): phenethylamine psychedelics produce transient sympathomimetic effects (hypertension, tachycardia)supported
Common AEs: hypertension, headache, nausea, vomiting. ijms27073081
Claim in safety — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
pharmacology14 · 5 ok
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
As a 3,5-dimethoxy-4-substituted phenethylamine, allylescaline is presumed to act primarily as an agonist at serotonin 5-ht2a receptors expressed on neocortical layer V pyramidal neuronssupported
They stimulate 5-HT2A receptors especially on neocortical pyramidal cells. pmid:14761703
Activation of these receptors increases cortical glutamate release, presumably via modulation of thalamocortical afferentssupported
Activation leads to increased cortical glutamate levels presumably via presynaptic receptor-mediated release from thalamic afferents. pmid:14761703
The parent compound mescaline functions as a full agonist at 5-HT₂A receptors (ED₅₀ = 33.5 µmol/kg in drug discrimination assays)supported
Mescaline fully substituted for LSD (ED50=33.5 micromol/kg). pmid:9301661
Structure-activity relationship studies demonstrate that the 3,5-methoxy groups must remain conformationally mobile for receptor activation — conformational restriction of these groups abolishes activitysupported
Rigid mescaline analogs did not fully substitute. Results consistent with requirement for full 5-HT2A agonism for hallucinogenic activity. pmid:9301661
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
For structurally related dimethoxyphenethylamines in the NBOMe series, cyp3a4 and cyp2d6 have been identified as the principal metabolic enzymessupported
Major CYPs for 25I-NBOMe: CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. dta.2031
receptor-pharmacology6 · 1 ok
Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
5-HT₂A: Presumed primary target. Mescaline is a full agonist (ED₅₀ = 33.5 µmol/kg, rat drug discrimination). The 4-position ether modification is pharmacologically tolerated.supported
Mescaline fully substituted for LSD (ED50=33.5 micromol/kg). Results consistent with requirement for full 5-HT2A agonism for hallucinogenic activity. pmid:9301661
Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in receptor-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
summary6 · 3 ok
Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in summary — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
As a 3,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, allylescaline is presumed to act primarily through agonism at serotonin 5-ht2a receptors on neocortical layer V pyramidal neurons, consistent with its structural classsupported
They stimulate 5-HT2A receptors especially on neocortical pyramidal cells. pmid:14761703
The compound is not expected to produce physical-dependence based on the pharmacology of its structural class. tolerance develops rapidly following single administration, consistent with 5-HT₂A receptor-mediated tachyphylaxis observed in related psychedelicspartially supported
Hallucinogens are physiologically safe and do not produce dependence or addiction. pmid:14761703
The compound is not expected to produce physical-dependence based on the pharmacology of its structural class. tolerance develops rapidly following single administration, consistent with 5-HT₂A receptor-mediated tachyphylaxis observed in related psychedelicssupported
Repeated DOI induces progressive decrease in HTR. Tolerance after single dose. DOI caused 5-HT2AR downregulation in frontal cortex. acschemneuro.2c00170
comparative-pharmacology4 · 2 ok
Claim in comparative-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in comparative-pharmacology — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
The SAR established by Monte et al. demonstrates that structural modifications at the 4-position are tolerated provided the 3,5-dimethoxy groups retain conformational mobilitypartially supported
Rigid mescaline analogs did not fully substitute. Results consistent with requirement for full 5-HT2A agonism for hallucinogenic activity. pmid:9301661
McLean et al. confirmed that 4-position modifications modulate potency at 5-ht2a within the mescaline scaffold.supported
Conformationally restricted mescaline analogue with 3-fold higher 5-HT2A affinity/potency than mescaline. R-(+) isomer more potent. pmid:16821786
neuroscience4 · 2 ok
Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in neuroscience — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
As a presumed serotonin 2A receptor agonist, allylescaline is expected to produce its effects through mechanisms established for the psychedelic phenethylamine and tryptamine classes:supported
They stimulate 5-HT2A receptors especially on neocortical pyramidal cells. Activation leads to increased cortical glutamate levels presumably via presynaptic receptor-mediated release from thalamic afferents. pmid:14761703
Cortical glutamate release: 5-HT₂A activation triggers glutamate release from thalamocortical afferents, increasing excitatory neurotransmission in prefrontal and associative cortices.supported
Activation leads to increased cortical glutamate levels presumably via presynaptic receptor-mediated release from thalamic afferents. In vivo imaging shows hallucinogens increase prefrontal cortical metabolism. pmid:14761703
pharmacokinetic-detail4 · 1 ok
Claim in pharmacokinetic-detail — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacokinetic-detail — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
Claim in pharmacokinetic-detail — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
For the structurally related NBOMe series of 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamines, cyp3a4 and cyp2d6 were identified as the major metabolic enzymes via in vitro reaction phenotypingsupported
Major CYPs for 25I-NBOMe: CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. Intrinsic clearance 70.1 mL/min/kg. dta.2031
clinical-evidence2 · 1 ok
Claim in clinical-evidence — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
The broader mescaline class has shown preliminary therapeutic signals in depression, well-being, and substance use disorders in a systematic review encompassing 66 studies, but these findings apply to mescaline itself and cannot be extrapolated to allylescaline without dedicated investigation.supported
Systematic review of 66 studies (10 suitable for analysis). Therapeutic effects: improved depression, well-being, nicotine dependence, alcohol use, obsessions. ijms27073081
history2 · 1 ok
Claim in history — inconclusiveinconclusiveworking →
In 2015, Chapman and Avanes published ¹H NMR spectroscopic characterization of grey-market allylescaline samples obtained from North American and European vendors, confirming the structural identity of material circulating commerciallysupported
1H NMR spectra of 28 alleged psychedelic phenylethanamines from 15 grey-market internet vendors. Members from each principal phenylethanamine family analyzed...four mescaline analogues. isomerdesign-1