2-FMA

2-fluoro-N-methylamphetamine

Sources

6 strong · 8 moderate · 4 weak

Studies and references cited across this article, graded by evidence strength.

Values approved

151/152 (99%)

Data points an editor reviewed and accepted for publication.

Value Provenance

Dosing

oraltrace

Field	Published	AI Proposed	Confidence
Threshold	5 mg	5 mg	low
Low	5–15 mg	5–15 mg	low
Common	15–30 mg	15–30 mg	low
Strong	30–50 mg	30–50 mg	low
Heavy	50+ mg	50+ mg	low
Editorial	Oral dose ranges carried forward from existing DB values, sourced from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled human dosing study exists for 2-FMA. Threshold 5 mg, light 5–15 mg, common 15–30 mg, strong 30–50 mg, heavy 50+ mg. These values are safety-critical and unverified against any published pharmacological source.
	ReasoningReasoning Oral dose ranges carried forward from existing DB values, sourced from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled human dosing study exists for 2-FMA. Threshold 5 mg, light 5–15 mg, common 15–30 mg, strong 30–50 mg, heavy 50+ mg. These values are safety-critical and unverified against any published pharmacological source. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

insufflatedtrace

Field	Published	AI Proposed	Confidence
Threshold	5 mg	5 mg	low
Low	5–15 mg	5–15 mg	low
Common	15–30 mg	15–30 mg	low
Strong	30–50 mg	30–50 mg	low
Heavy	50+ mg	50+ mg	low
Editorial	Insufflated dose ranges carried forward from existing DB values, sourced from PsychonautWiki community consensus. Ranges are identical to oral, which is unusual — may reflect insufficient community data to differentiate ROAs. No controlled human dosing study exists. Safety-critical and unverified.
	ReasoningReasoning Insufflated dose ranges carried forward from existing DB values, sourced from PsychonautWiki community consensus. Ranges are identical to oral, which is unusual — may reflect insufficient community data to differentiate ROAs. No controlled human dosing study exists. Safety-critical and unverified. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

Duration

oral

Field	Published	AI Proposed	Confidence
Come uptrace	15–40 minutes	15–40 minutes	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Offsettrace	2–3 hours	2–3 hours	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Onsettrace	30–60 minutes	30–60 minutes	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Peaktrace	2.5–4 hours	2.5–4 hours	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Totaltrace	7–9 hours	7–9 hours	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
After effectstrace	4–12 hours	4–12 hours	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. Wide range reflects variable individual reports of persistent wakefulness. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. Wide range reflects variable individual reports of persistent wakefulness. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

insufflated

Field	Published	AI Proposed	Confidence
Onsettrace	20–40 minutes	20–40 minutes	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Peaktrace	1–3 hours	1–3 hours	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
After effectstrace	2–4 hours	2–4 hours	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Come uptrace	10–20 minutes	10–20 minutes	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Offsettrace	1.5–3 hours	1.5–3 hours	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Totaltrace	4–6 hours	4–6 hours	low
Editorial	Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study.
	ReasoningReasoning Existing DB value from PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled PK study. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

Safety

Toxicity Profiletrace

Field	Published	AI Proposed	Confidence
Acute	moderate	moderate	low
Chronic	moderate	moderate	low
Organs Affected	cardiovascular, CNS, thermoregulatory	cardiovascular, CNS, thermoregulatory	low
Editorial	Work-notes specify acute and chronic toxicity as moderate, organs affected as cardiovascular/CNS/thermoregulatory, evidence class as structural analogy to methamphetamine + class extrapolation from amphetamine-type stimulants. Confidence low per work-notes. No 2-FMA-specific toxicity study exists. Applying evidence discount rule: raw findings suggest moderate-to-high class-level toxicity, discounted one level to moderate given entirely inferential basis from methamphetamine reference compound.
	ReasoningReasoning Work-notes specify acute and chronic toxicity as moderate, organs affected as cardiovascular/CNS/thermoregulatory, evidence class as structural analogy to methamphetamine + class extrapolation from amphetamine-type stimulants. Confidence low per work-notes. No 2-FMA-specific toxicity study exists. Applying evidence discount rule: raw findings suggest moderate-to-high class-level toxicity, discounted one level to moderate given entirely inferential basis from methamphetamine reference compound. Evidence basis: structural_analogy

Dependence Profiletrace

Field	Published	AI Proposed	Confidence
Physical	moderate	moderate	low
Psychological	moderate	moderate	low
Compulsive Redosing	low	low	low
Dose Escalation	moderate	moderate	low
Editorial	Work-notes specify physical and psychological dependence as moderate (community consensus, unverified), compulsive redosing as low-to-moderate (community reports — mapped to 'low' given explicit note that it's less compulsive than methamphetamine), dose escalation moderate. All values from community consensus and structural analogy to methamphetamine. No 2-FMA-specific dependence studies exist.
	ReasoningReasoning Work-notes specify physical and psychological dependence as moderate (community consensus, unverified), compulsive redosing as low-to-moderate (community reports — mapped to 'low' given explicit note that it's less compulsive than methamphetamine), dose escalation moderate. All values from community consensus and structural analogy to methamphetamine. No 2-FMA-specific dependence studies exist. Evidence basis: structural_analogy

Withdrawal Profiletrace

Field	Published	AI Proposed	Confidence
Severity	moderate	moderate	low
Symptoms	fatigue, hypersomnia, dysphoria, anhedonia, increased appetite, cognitive impairment	fatigue, hypersomnia, dysphoria, anhedonia, increased appetite, cognitive impairment	low
Fatal	No	No	low
Medical Supervision	Not required	Not required	low
Editorial	Class inference from methamphetamine withdrawal. Work-notes specify onset within 24 hours, duration 1–2 weeks. Symptoms from amphetamine-class withdrawal literature (Li & Shoptaw 2023). No 2-FMA-specific withdrawal data exist.
	ReasoningReasoning Class inference from methamphetamine withdrawal. Work-notes specify onset within 24 hours, duration 1–2 weeks. Symptoms from amphetamine-class withdrawal literature (Li & Shoptaw 2023). No 2-FMA-specific withdrawal data exist. Evidence basis: structural_analogy

Tolerance Profiletrace

Field	Published	AI Proposed	Confidence
Buildup	moderate	moderate	low
Half-life	5 days	5 days	low
Full Reset	10.5 days	10.5 days	low
Cross-tolerances	amphetamine, methamphetamine, other dopaminergic stimulants, other fluorinated amphetamines	amphetamine, methamphetamine, other dopaminergic stimulants, other fluorinated amphetamines	low
Editorial	Work-notes specify tolerance buildup moderate, half-life 5 days, full reset 1.5 weeks (community consensus, unverified). Cross-tolerances with dopamine-class stimulants and amphetamines per work-notes. Mechanism inferred from amphetamine class. No 2-FMA-specific tolerance study exists.
	ReasoningReasoning Work-notes specify tolerance buildup moderate, half-life 5 days, full reset 1.5 weeks (community consensus, unverified). Cross-tolerances with dopamine-class stimulants and amphetamines per work-notes. Mechanism inferred from amphetamine class. No 2-FMA-specific tolerance study exists. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

Effects & Profile

Contraindications

Field	Published	AI Proposed	Confidence
other MAO inhibitorstrace	absolute	absolute	high
Editorial	Class-level absolute contraindication inherited from the amphetamine-type stimulant class. Mechanism well-established (monoamine accumulation via blocked degradation). High confidence despite no 2-FMA-specific data.
	ReasoningReasoning Class-level absolute contraindication inherited from the amphetamine-type stimulant class. Mechanism well-established (monoamine accumulation via blocked degradation). High confidence despite no 2-FMA-specific data.
cardiovascular Severe cardiovascular diseasetrace	absolute	absolute	high
Editorial	Class-level absolute contraindication. Sympathomimetic cardiovascular effects are inherent to the amphetamine mechanism of action (DA/NE release). High confidence for the class mechanism.
	ReasoningReasoning Class-level absolute contraindication. Sympathomimetic cardiovascular effects are inherent to the amphetamine mechanism of action (DA/NE release). High confidence for the class mechanism.
psychiatric Psychotic disorderstrace	relative	relative	medium
Editorial	Class-level relative contraindication from amphetamine-type stimulant literature. Medium confidence — mechanism well-established for the class, but 2-FMA-specific risk unquantified.
	ReasoningReasoning Class-level relative contraindication from amphetamine-type stimulant literature. Medium confidence — mechanism well-established for the class, but 2-FMA-specific risk unquantified.
neurological Seizure disorderstrace	relative	relative	medium
Editorial	Class-level relative contraindication. Medium confidence — seizure risk is documented for the amphetamine class but not quantified for 2-FMA specifically.
	ReasoningReasoning Class-level relative contraindication. Medium confidence — seizure risk is documented for the amphetamine class but not quantified for 2-FMA specifically.
metabolic Hyperthyroidismtrace	relative	relative	medium
Editorial	Class-level relative contraindication from standard amphetamine prescribing information. Medium confidence.
	ReasoningReasoning Class-level relative contraindication from standard amphetamine prescribing information. Medium confidence.
other Narrow-angle glaucomatrace	relative	relative	medium
Editorial	Class-level relative contraindication. Medium confidence — mechanism well-understood, but 2-FMA-specific mydriatic potency unquantified.
	ReasoningReasoning Class-level relative contraindication. Medium confidence — mechanism well-understood, but 2-FMA-specific mydriatic potency unquantified.
pregnancy breastfeeding Pregnancy and lactationtrace	relative	relative	medium
Editorial	Class-level relative contraindication. Medium confidence — placental transfer documented for amphetamine class, but no 2-FMA-specific reproductive data.
	ReasoningReasoning Class-level relative contraindication. Medium confidence — placental transfer documented for amphetamine class, but no 2-FMA-specific reproductive data.
other Concurrent tramadol usetrace	absolute	absolute	medium
Editorial	Mechanism-based absolute contraindication. Medium confidence — serotonin syndrome mechanism is sound, lethal classification from harm-reduction databases, but no 2-FMA-specific case report exists. Reviewer should verify against TripSit interaction chart.
	ReasoningReasoning Mechanism-based absolute contraindication. Medium confidence — serotonin syndrome mechanism is sound, lethal classification from harm-reduction databases, but no 2-FMA-specific case report exists. Reviewer should verify against TripSit interaction chart.

Timeline Phases

insufflated

Field	Published	AI Proposed	Confidence
Onsettrace	1200–2400 sec(i=0.20)	1200–2400 sec(i=0.20)	low
Editorial	All insufflated duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki). No controlled study. Onset 20–40 min, come_up 10–20 min, peak 1–3 h, offset 1.5–3 h, aftereffects 2–4 h per existing DB and work-notes.
	ReasoningReasoning All insufflated duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki). No controlled study. Onset 20–40 min, come_up 10–20 min, peak 1–3 h, offset 1.5–3 h, aftereffects 2–4 h per existing DB and work-notes. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Come uptrace	600–1200 sec(i=0.50)	600–1200 sec(i=0.50)	low
Editorial	All insufflated duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki). No controlled study. Onset 20–40 min, come_up 10–20 min, peak 1–3 h, offset 1.5–3 h, aftereffects 2–4 h per existing DB and work-notes.
	ReasoningReasoning All insufflated duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki). No controlled study. Onset 20–40 min, come_up 10–20 min, peak 1–3 h, offset 1.5–3 h, aftereffects 2–4 h per existing DB and work-notes. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Peaktrace	3600–10800 sec(i=1.00)	3600–10800 sec(i=1.00)	low
Editorial	All insufflated duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki). No controlled study. Onset 20–40 min, come_up 10–20 min, peak 1–3 h, offset 1.5–3 h, aftereffects 2–4 h per existing DB and work-notes.
	ReasoningReasoning All insufflated duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki). No controlled study. Onset 20–40 min, come_up 10–20 min, peak 1–3 h, offset 1.5–3 h, aftereffects 2–4 h per existing DB and work-notes. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Resolutiontrace	5400–10800 sec(i=0.35)	5400–10800 sec(i=0.35)	low
Editorial	All insufflated duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki). No controlled study. Onset 20–40 min, come_up 10–20 min, peak 1–3 h, offset 1.5–3 h, aftereffects 2–4 h per existing DB and work-notes.
	ReasoningReasoning All insufflated duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki). No controlled study. Onset 20–40 min, come_up 10–20 min, peak 1–3 h, offset 1.5–3 h, aftereffects 2–4 h per existing DB and work-notes. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Afterglowtrace	7200–14400 sec(i=0.15)	7200–14400 sec(i=0.15)	low
Editorial	All insufflated duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki). No controlled study. Onset 20–40 min, come_up 10–20 min, peak 1–3 h, offset 1.5–3 h, aftereffects 2–4 h per existing DB and work-notes.
	ReasoningReasoning All insufflated duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki). No controlled study. Onset 20–40 min, come_up 10–20 min, peak 1–3 h, offset 1.5–3 h, aftereffects 2–4 h per existing DB and work-notes. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

oral

Field	Published	AI Proposed	Confidence
Afterglowtrace	14400–43200 sec(i=0.15)	14400–43200 sec(i=0.15)	low
Editorial	All oral duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki, The Drug Classroom). No controlled human PK study exists. Onset 30–60 min, come_up 15–40 min, peak 2.5–4 h, offset 2–3 h, aftereffects 4–12 h per existing DB and work-notes. Phase names mapped: offset → resolution, aftereffects → afterglow.
	ReasoningReasoning All oral duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki, The Drug Classroom). No controlled human PK study exists. Onset 30–60 min, come_up 15–40 min, peak 2.5–4 h, offset 2–3 h, aftereffects 4–12 h per existing DB and work-notes. Phase names mapped: offset → resolution, aftereffects → afterglow. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Onsettrace	1800–3600 sec(i=0.15)	1800–3600 sec(i=0.15)	low
Editorial	All oral duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki, The Drug Classroom). No controlled human PK study exists. Onset 30–60 min, come_up 15–40 min, peak 2.5–4 h, offset 2–3 h, aftereffects 4–12 h per existing DB and work-notes. Phase names mapped: offset → resolution, aftereffects → afterglow.
	ReasoningReasoning All oral duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki, The Drug Classroom). No controlled human PK study exists. Onset 30–60 min, come_up 15–40 min, peak 2.5–4 h, offset 2–3 h, aftereffects 4–12 h per existing DB and work-notes. Phase names mapped: offset → resolution, aftereffects → afterglow. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Come uptrace	900–2400 sec(i=0.40)	900–2400 sec(i=0.40)	low
Editorial	All oral duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki, The Drug Classroom). No controlled human PK study exists. Onset 30–60 min, come_up 15–40 min, peak 2.5–4 h, offset 2–3 h, aftereffects 4–12 h per existing DB and work-notes. Phase names mapped: offset → resolution, aftereffects → afterglow.
	ReasoningReasoning All oral duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki, The Drug Classroom). No controlled human PK study exists. Onset 30–60 min, come_up 15–40 min, peak 2.5–4 h, offset 2–3 h, aftereffects 4–12 h per existing DB and work-notes. Phase names mapped: offset → resolution, aftereffects → afterglow. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Peaktrace	9000–14400 sec(i=1.00)	9000–14400 sec(i=1.00)	low
Editorial	All oral duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki, The Drug Classroom). No controlled human PK study exists. Onset 30–60 min, come_up 15–40 min, peak 2.5–4 h, offset 2–3 h, aftereffects 4–12 h per existing DB and work-notes. Phase names mapped: offset → resolution, aftereffects → afterglow.
	ReasoningReasoning All oral duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki, The Drug Classroom). No controlled human PK study exists. Onset 30–60 min, come_up 15–40 min, peak 2.5–4 h, offset 2–3 h, aftereffects 4–12 h per existing DB and work-notes. Phase names mapped: offset → resolution, aftereffects → afterglow. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large
Resolutiontrace	7200–10800 sec(i=0.40)	7200–10800 sec(i=0.40)	low
Editorial	All oral duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki, The Drug Classroom). No controlled human PK study exists. Onset 30–60 min, come_up 15–40 min, peak 2.5–4 h, offset 2–3 h, aftereffects 4–12 h per existing DB and work-notes. Phase names mapped: offset → resolution, aftereffects → afterglow.
	ReasoningReasoning All oral duration data from community consensus (PsychonautWiki, The Drug Classroom). No controlled human PK study exists. Onset 30–60 min, come_up 15–40 min, peak 2.5–4 h, offset 2–3 h, aftereffects 4–12 h per existing DB and work-notes. Phase names mapped: offset → resolution, aftereffects → afterglow. Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

Dose Tier Summaries

thresholdtrace

low

Minimal perceptible stimulation — a subtle increase in wakefulness and alertness without overt cognitive enhancement or physical activation. Effects may be difficult to distinguish from placebo or caffeine. Mood remains near baseline with perhaps a faint brightening. Physical effects are negligible at this level. No appreciable appetite suppression, cardiovascular activation, or pupil dilation. Sleep is unlikely to be significantly disrupted if dosed early in the day. This dose range is suitable only for initial sensitivity assessment. Individual response varies substantially — some users may perceive nothing, while catecholamine-sensitive individuals may notice mild arousal.

Editorial

Work-notes threshold summary expanded with substance-specific texture. All dose data is community-derived (PsychonautWiki); no controlled human dosing study exists for 2-FMA.

Reasoning

Work-notes threshold summary expanded with substance-specific texture. All dose data is community-derived (PsychonautWiki); no controlled human dosing study exists for 2-FMA.

Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

lighttrace

low

Noticeable cognitive clarity and mild focus enhancement emerge. Wakefulness increases appreciably, and there is a modest sense of task engagement and mental energy. Mood may lift slightly — a gentle cognitive euphoria — but the effect remains functional rather than recreational. Physical stimulation is minimal. Appetite suppression begins but is not pronounced. Heart rate may increase marginally. Dry mouth and mild dehydration sensation are possible. No significant bruxism or vasoconstriction at this level. Suitable for initial dose assessment beyond threshold. Sleep may be delayed by 2–4 hours if taken in the afternoon. Duration of core effects is typically 4–6 hours oral.

Editorial

Work-notes light tier expanded. Values from existing DB / PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled study.

Reasoning

Work-notes light tier expanded. Values from existing DB / PsychonautWiki community consensus. No controlled study.

Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

commontrace

low

The core functional stimulant profile — sustained focus enhancement, motivation, clear-headed wakefulness, and productive task engagement. Thought acceleration and thought organization are prominent. Cognitive euphoria is present but moderate, described as less intense than d-amphetamine or methamphetamine. Community sources frequently compare this dose range to lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) in character. Moderate appetite suppression, mild cardiovascular activation (elevated heart rate, mild vasoconstriction), and dry mouth. Pupil dilation may be noticeable. Restlessness can emerge toward the offset phase. Bruxism and sweating are generally absent or mild at this level. This is the most frequently reported "functional" dose range. Sleep disruption extends well beyond subjective stimulation offset — wakefulness typically persists 8–10 hours even after core effects have declined. Plan accordingly.

Editorial

Work-notes common tier expanded with prose and research details. Community-derived dose range (15–30 mg oral). Lisdexamfetamine comparison from PsychonautWiki community reports.

Reasoning

Work-notes common tier expanded with prose and research details. Community-derived dose range (15–30 mg oral). Lisdexamfetamine comparison from PsychonautWiki community reports.

Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

strongtrace

low

Pronounced stimulation with increasing peripheral effects — noticeable tachycardia, vasoconstriction, jaw tension and bruxism, and excessive sweating. Cognitive effects may shift from enhancement toward overstimulation: thought acceleration becomes racing thoughts, focus may narrow excessively or fragment, and difficulty relaxing becomes prominent. Appetite is fully suppressed. Anxiety emerges as a common side effect, particularly in anxiety-prone individuals. Restlessness and physical tension increase. Temperature dysregulation may become noticeable. Some users report irritability during the offset phase. Insomnia is likely for 8+ hours post-dose. The functional benefit-to-side-effect ratio deteriorates at this level. Cardiovascular strain is meaningful — individuals should monitor heart rate and blood pressure.

Editorial

Work-notes strong tier expanded. Community reports describe increasing side effects above 30 mg. Cardiovascular and anxiety risks from class-level amphetamine literature.

Reasoning

Work-notes strong tier expanded. Community reports describe increasing side effects above 30 mg. Cardiovascular and anxiety risks from class-level amphetamine literature.

Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

heavytrace

low

Excessive sympathomimetic activation — palpitations, jitteriness, pronounced anxiety, and potential for paranoid ideation. Cardiovascular risk escalates significantly: hypertension, tachycardia, and vasoconstriction approach the class-level toxicity risk profile described for amphetamine-type stimulants (arrhythmia, vasospasm, cerebral hemorrhage). Cognitive impairment may paradoxically replace enhancement — working memory degrades, thought disorganization emerges, and decision-making deteriorates. Bruxism, excessive sweating, and temperature dysregulation are prominent. Compulsive redosing urge may increase at this level despite diminishing returns. Sleep is impossible for an extended period (12+ hours). This dose range carries meaningful risk of acute cardiovascular emergency, psychotic symptoms with chronic use, and severe crash/withdrawal effects. No controlled human data exist for 2-FMA at any dose — risk is entirely class-extrapolated.

Editorial

Work-notes heavy tier expanded. Anchondo et al. (2025) note fluorinated amphetamine class associated with heart failure, cerebral hemorrhage, death. All toxicity inference from methamphetamine class.

Reasoning

Work-notes heavy tier expanded. Anchondo et al. (2025) note fluorinated amphetamine class associated with heart failure, cerebral hemorrhage, death. All toxicity inference from methamphetamine class.

Evidence basis: community_consensus_large

History

current version

published Oct 2, 2026system—

versions

2 total · since previous: +1 / −1 citations

+ 2-FMA - PsychonautWiki (2024)

− 2-FMA - PsychonautWiki (2024)

publication ledger

publish Oct 2, 2026 · by agent-psx

backfill Jun 4, 2026

Historical versions do not record which reviewer approved them; editorial accountability is recorded per value in the database and in the publication ledger going forward.

full version history suggest a correction contact@psychedex.org

Sources

6 strong · 8 moderate · 4 weak

[1]
strong
Pharmacology of MDMA- and Amphetamine-Like New Psychoactive Substances
Simmler LD, Liechti ME · 2018 · Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
doi.org/10.1007/164_2018_113 pubmed 29633178no claims checked
[2]
strong
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Luethi D, Liechti ME · 2020 · Archives of Toxicology
doi.org/10.1007/s00204-020-02693-7 pubmed 32249347no claims checked
[3]
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Identification and Quantitative Analysis of 2-Fluoromethamphetamine and Its Metabolites in Human Urine
Ishii A, Sato K, Kusakabe K, Kato N, Wada T · 2023 · Journal of Analytical Toxicology
doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkac026 pubmed 35562170no claims checked
[4]
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Isomeric fluoro-methoxy-phenylalkylamines: a new series of controlled-substance analogues (designer drugs)
Rösner P, Quednow B, Girreser U, Junge T · 2005 · Forensic Science International
pubmed 15639609no claims checked
[5]
weak
2-FMA - PsychonautWiki
2024
linkno claims checked
[6]
moderate
Locomotor and discriminative stimulus effects of fluorinated analogs of amphetamine and methamphetamine in mice and rats
Anchondo O, Shetty RA, Gatch MB · 2025 · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
doi.org/10.1016/j.jpet.2025.103617 pubmed 40553972no claims checked
[7]
moderate
Methamphetamine-induced cardiotoxicity: in search of protective transcriptional mechanisms
Annawald K, Streckfuss-Bomeke K, Meyer T · 2024 · Herz
doi.org/10.1007/s00059-024-05279-6 pubmed 39455447no claims checked
[8]
moderate
The clinical toxicology of metamfetamine
Schep LJ, Slaughter RJ, Beasley DM · 2010 · Clinical Toxicology
doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.516752 pubmed 20849327no claims checked
[9]
moderate
Evaluating cross-reactivity of new psychoactive substances (NPS) in human whole blood by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Cieri G, Mohr ALA, Mastrovito R, Logan BK · 2024 · Journal of Analytical Toxicology
doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkae017 pubmed 38456706no claims checked
[10]
moderate
A snapshot on NPS in Italy: Distribution of drugs in seized materials analysed in an Italian forensic laboratory in the period 2013-2015
Odoardi S, Romolo FS, Strano-Rossi S · 2016 · Forensic science international
doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.01.037 pubmed 26874736no claims checked
[11]
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Monoamine transporter and receptor interaction profiles of novel psychoactive substances: para-halogenated amphetamines and pyrovalerone cathinones
Rickli A, Hoener MC, Liechti ME · 2015 · European Neuropsychopharmacology
doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.12.012 pubmed 25624004no claims checked
[12]
moderate
Indirect chiral separation of 8 novel amphetamine derivatives as potential new psychoactive compounds by GC-MS and HPLC
Weiss JA, Kadkhodaei K, Schmid MG · 2017 · Science & Justice
doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2016.08.007 pubmed 28063587no claims checked
[13]
weak
2-Fluoromethamphetamine - HandWiki
2024
linkno claims checked
[14]
weak
2-Fluoromethamphetamine (2-FMA) - The Drug Classroom
2023
linkno claims checked
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strong
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Cook CE, Jeffcoat AR, Hill JM, Pugh DE, Patetta PK, Sadler BM, White WR, Perez-Reyes M · 1993 · Drug metabolism and disposition
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Li MJ, Shoptaw SJ · 2023 · Addiction
doi.org/10.1111/add.16093 pubmed 36401591no claims checked

Claim Verification

No claim verification has run for this version.

Coverage & Gaps

effect links

111 links · 110 approved · 43 audited0/111 with evidence basis

interactions

10 approved pairs0/10 graded

2-FMA

Value Provenance

Dosing

oraltrace →

insufflatedtrace →

Duration

oral

insufflated

Safety

Toxicity Profiletrace →

Dependence Profiletrace →

Withdrawal Profiletrace →

Tolerance Profiletrace →

Effects & Profile

Contraindications

Timeline Phases

insufflated

oral

Dose Tier Summaries

History

Sources

Claim Verification

Coverage & Gaps

oraltrace

insufflatedtrace

Toxicity Profiletrace

Dependence Profiletrace

Withdrawal Profiletrace

Tolerance Profiletrace